Al-Rad 'ala al-JahmiyaAhmad Ibn Hanbal

He said,

“Then Adam received from his Lord words, and He accepted his repentance, for He is the Ever-Relenting, the Merciful.” ⦗Al-Baqarah 2:37⦘

He also said,

“A group of them used to hear the words of Allah and then, after they had understood them, knowingly distorted them.” ⦗Al-Baqarah 2:75⦘

And He said,

“When Moses came at the appointed time and his Lord spoke to him…” ⦗Al-Aʿrāf 7:143⦘;

and,

“ ‘O Moses, I have chosen you above the people by My messages and by My words; so take what I have given you and be grateful.’ ” ⦗Al-Aʿrāf 7:144⦘;

and,

“To Moses Allah spoke directly.” ⦗An-Nisāʾ 4:164⦘.

He said as well,

“So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words.” ⦗Al-Aʿrāf 7:158⦘.

Thus Allah has informed us that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—believed in Allah and in Allah’s Speech.

He also said,

“They wish to alter the words of Allah.” ⦗Al-Fath 48:15⦘;

and,

“Say: If the sea were ink for the words of my Lord, the sea would be exhausted before the words of my Lord were exhausted, even if We brought the like of it as a supplement.” ⦗Al-Kahf 18:109⦘;

and,

“If any of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the words of Allah.” ⦗At-Tawbah 9:6⦘.

He did not say: so that he may hear the creation of Allah.

These are explicit texts, in a clear Arabic tongue, that need no explanation; praise be to Allah, they make the matter plain.

I then asked the Jahmiyyah: Does not Allah simply say, “Say: We believe in Allah” ⦗Al-Baqarah 2:136⦘, “and speak kindly to people” ⦗Al-Baqarah 2:83⦘, “and say: We believe…”

= Our utterances are created. Salih ibn Ahmad added, citing his father: Allah says in His Book, ‘Grant him asylum so that he may hear the kalam Allah (Word of Allah)’ (al-Tawbah 9:109). Thus Jibril heard it from Allah, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—heard it from Jibril, and the Companions heard it from the Prophet. The Qur’an, therefore, is speech that is not created. Reported by al-Khallal, al-Sunnah, 5/126, no. 1779. Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah—may Allah have mercy on him—states in Majmuʿ al-Fatawa, 12/37: “The creed of the salaf of the ummah and its leading scholars—among the Companions, their righteous followers, and all the imams of the Muslims such as the Four Imams and others—is exactly what the Qur’an and Sunnah affirm and what sound reason corroborates: the Qur’an is the speech of Allah, revealed and uncreated; from Him it originated and to Him it will return.”
قوله: {فَتَلَقَّى آدَمُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ كَلِمَاتٍ} [البقرة: ٣٧] وقال: {وَقَدْ كَانَ فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ يَسْمَعُونَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ} [البقرة: ٧٥] . وقال: {وَلَمَّا جَاءَ مُوسَى لِمِيقَاتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُ رَبُّهُ} [الأعراف: ١٤٣] . وقال: {إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِرِسَالاتِي وَبِكَلامِي} [الأعراف: ١٤٤] ، وقال: {وَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى تَكْلِيمًا} [النساء: ١٦٤] . وقال: {فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ النَّبِيِّ الأُمِّيِّ الَّذِي يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَكَلِمَاتِهِ} [الأعراف: ١٥٨] فأخبرنا الله أن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كان يؤمن بالله وبكلام الله، وقال: {يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُبَدِّلُوا كَلامَ اللَّهِ} [الفتح: ١٥] . وقال: {قُلْ لَوْ كَانَ الْبَحْرُ مِدَادًا لِكَلِمَاتِ رَبِّي لَنَفِدَ الْبَحْرُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنفَدَ كَلِمَاتُ رَبِّي} [الكهف: ١٠٩] . وقال: {وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ} [التوبة: ٦] . ولم يقل: حتى يسمع خلق الله. فهذه نصوص بلسان عربي مبين، لا يحتاج إلى تفسير هو مبين بحمد الله. وقد سألت الجهمية: أليس إنما قال الله: {قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ} [البقرة: ١٣٦] ، {وَقُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا} [البقرة: ٨٣] ، {وَقُولُوا آمَنَّا
= ألفاظنا مخلوقة. زاد صالح بن أحمد عن أبيه قال: وقال الله في كتابه: {فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ} [التوبة: ١٠٩] فجبريل سمعه من الله -عز وجل- وسمعه النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- من جبريل عليه السلام، وسمعه أصحاب النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- من النبي، فالقرآن كلام غير مخلوق. أخرجه الخلال في السنة "١٢٦/٥رقم: ١٧٧٩". وقال شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -رحمه الله- في مجموع الفتاوى "٣٧/١٢": ومذهب سلف الأمة وأئمتها من الصحابة والتابعين لهم بإحسان وسائر أئمة المسلمين كالأئمة الأربعة وغيرهم ما دل عليه الكتاب والسنَّة، وهو الذي يوافق الأدلة العقلية أن القرآن كلام الله منزل غير مخلوق، منه بدأ وإليه يعود.

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