Al-Rad 'ala al-Jahmiya - Ahmad Ibn Hanbal - (62)

Al-Rad 'ala al-JahmiyaAhmad Ibn Hanbal

The heretics (zanādiqa) raised doubts about His words:

“Our Lord, we have now seen and heard …”

Thus He says:
“Our Lord, we have now seen and heard; so return us that we may do righteous deeds” (32:12).

When they are granted permission to speak and they actually speak and dispute, that is His saying:
“Then on the Day of Resurrection you will surely dispute before your Lord,”—during the Reckoning and the settling of grievances. After that it will be said to them,
“Do not dispute in My presence; I had already conveyed to you the warning” (50:28).

Punishment will inevitably befall them along with that pronouncement.1

As for His words:
“We shall gather them on the Day of Resurrection on their faces, blind, dumb, and deaf” (17:97),
and yet in another verse:
“The inhabitants of the Fire will call out to the inhabitants of Paradise” (7:50),
they objected: “How can this be part of the decisive wording? He says, ‘We shall gather them on their faces, blind, dumb, and deaf,’ and elsewhere He says that they will be calling out to one another!” Thus they fell into doubt about the Quran because of this.2

(1) See: al-Tabari, Tafsir, vol. 29, p. 243. (2) Shaykh Muhammad al-Amin al-Shanqiti, may Allah have mercy on him, comments on the verse: “We shall gather them on the Day of Resurrection upon their faces—blind, mute and deaf” (al-Isra 17:97). Its plain wording indicates that the disbelievers will be raised blind, dumb and deaf. Yet other verses appear to say the contrary, such as: “How well will they hear and see on the Day they come to Us” (Maryam 19:38) and “The criminals will see the Fire and know that they are about to fall into it” (al-Kahf 18:53).

شك الزنادقة في قوله: {رَبَّنَا أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا} ... فذلك قوله: {رَبَّنَا أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا فَارْجِعْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا} [السجدة: ١٢] الآية. فإذا أذن لهم في الكلام فتكلموا واختصموا، فذلك قوله: {ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ} عند الحساب وإعطاء المظالم، ثم يقال لهم بعد ذلك. {لا تَخْتَصِمُوا لَدَيَّ} أي: عندي: {وَقَدْ قَدَّمْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ بِالْوَعِيدِ} [ق: ٢٨] فإن العذاب مع هذا القول كائن١. وأما قوله: {وَنَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى وَجُوهِهِمْ عُمْيًا وَبُكْمًا وَصُمًّا} [الإسراء: ٩٧] . وقال في آية أخرى: {وَنَادَى أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ أَصْحَابَ الْجَنَّةِ} [الأعراف: ٥٠] فقالوا: كيف يكون هذا من الكلام المحكم؟ {وَنَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى وَجُوهِهِمْ عُمْيًا وَبُكْمًا وَصُمًّا} . ثم يقول في موضع آخر: إنه ينادي بعضهم بعضًا؟ فشكوا في القرآن من أجل تلك٢.

انظر: تفسير الطبري "٢٤٣/٢٩". ٢ قال الشيخ محمد الأمين الشنقيطي رحمه الله: قوله تعالى: {وَنَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى وَجُوهِهِمْ عُمْيًا وَبُكْمًا وَصُمًّا} [الإسراء: ٩٧] الآية. هذه الآية الكريمة يدل ظاهرها على أن الكفار يبعثون يوم القيامة عميًا وبكمًا وصمًّا، وقد جاءت آيات أُخر تدل على خلاف ذلك، كقوله تعالى: {أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ يَوْمَ يَأْتُونَنَا} [مريم: ٣٨] وكقوله: {وَرَأَى الْمُجْرِمُونَ النَّارَ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مُوَاقِعُوهَا} [الكهف: ٥٣] =