Al-Rad 'ala al-JahmiyaAhmad Ibn Hanbal

The zanādiqa (heretics) cast doubt on His statement:

“We shall raise him up blind on the Day of Resurrection …”

As for His words:

“We shall raise him up blind on the Day of Resurrection, and he will say, ‘My Lord, why have You raised me up blind when I used to see?’” (Taha 124–125),

and His words in another verse:

“Today your sight is piercing.” (Qaf 22),

they objected, saying, “How can this be consistent, well-ordered speech? He says the man will be blind, yet He also says, ‘Today your sight is piercing.’” Thus they began to harbor doubts about the Quran.⦗2⦘

(2) Al-Shanqiti, may Allah have mercy on him, comments on the verse wa tarahum yu‘raduna ‘alayha khashi‘ina mina al-dhulli yanzuruna min tarfin khafi (You will see them exposed to it, humbled by disgrace, looking with furtive glances) – Surah 42:45. This verse shows that, on the Day of Resurrection, the unbelievers’ eyesight will be weak and timid. Another verse seems to suggest the opposite: fakashafna ‘anka ghita’aka fabasaru-ka al-yawma hadid (We have removed your covering, so today your sight is sharp) – Surah 50:22. The answer, as stated in al-Itqan, is that “sharp sight” here means clear knowledge and full awareness. Qutrub explains: fabasaruka means “your knowledge and recognition,” for the Arabs say basira bi-kadhā, i.e. “he knew it”; it is not a reference to physical vision. Al-Farisi points out that the phrase “We have removed your covering” supports this meaning. Other scholars interpret fabasaruka al-yawma hadid as: “today you perceive what you were blind to in worldly life.” Supporting texts include: rabbana absarna wa-sami‘na farji‘na (Our Lord, we have now seen and heard; send us back…) – 32:12; wa ra-a al-mujrimuna al-nara fa-dhannu annahum muwaqi‘uha (The sinners will see the Fire and think they are about to fall into it) – 18:53; asmi‘ bihim wa-absir yawma ya’tunana lakin al-zalimuna al-yawma fi dalalin mubin (How clearly they will hear and see on the Day they come to Us, whereas today the wrongdoers are in manifest error) – 19:38. The Qur’anic evidence for this second interpretation is strong, and it is probably the preferable view, even though al-Itqan mentions only the first. See: Daf‘ Iham al-Idtirab, vol. 10, p. 176.
شك الزنادقة في قوله: {وَنَحْشُرُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْمَى} ... وأما قوله: {وَنَحْشُرُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْمَى، قَالَ رَبِّ لِمَ حَشَرْتَنِي أَعْمَى وَقَدْ كُنتُ بَصِيرًا} [طه: ١٢٤، ١٢٥] . وقال في الآية الأخرى: {فَبَصَرُكَ الْيَوْمَ حَدِيدٌ} [ق: ٢٢] . فقالوا: كيف يكون هذا من الكلام المحكم؟ فيقول: إنه أعمى، ويقول: {فَبَصَرُكَ الْيَوْمَ حَدِيدٌ} فشكُّوا في القرآن٢.
٢ قال الشنقيطي رحمه الله: قوله تعالى: {وَتَرَاهُمْ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا خَاشِعِينَ مِنَ الذُّلِّ يَنْظُرُونَ مِنْ طَرْفٍ خَفِيٍّ} [الشورى: ٤٥] الآية. هذه الآية الكريمة تدل على أن الكفار يوم القيامة ينظرون بعيون خفية ضعيفة النظر، وقد جاءت آية أخرى يتوهم منها خلاف ذلك، وهي قوله تعالى: {فَكَشَفْنَا عَنْكَ غِطَاءَكَ فَبَصَرُكَ الْيَوْمَ حَدِيدٌ} [ق: ٢٢] . والجواب: هو ما ذكره صاحب الإتقان، من أن المراد بحدة البصر: العلم وقوة المعرفة. قال قطرب: فبصرك أي علمك ومعرفتك بها قوية من قولهم: بصر بكذا أي علم، وليس المراد رؤية العين. قال الفارسي: ويدل على ذلك قوله: {فَكَشَفْنَا عَنْكَ غِطَاءَكَ} . وقال بعض العلماء: {فَبَصَرُكَ الْيَوْمَ حَدِيدٌ} أي تدرك به ما عميت عنه في دار الدنيا، ويدل لهذا قوله تعالى: {رَبَّنَا أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا فَارْجِعْنَا} [السجدة: ١٢] الآية. وقوله: {وَرَأَى الْمُجْرِمُونَ النَّارَ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مُوَاقِعُوهَا} [الكهف: ٥٣] الآية، وقوله: {أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ يَوْمَ يَأْتُونَنَا لَكِنِ الظَّالِمُونَ الْيَوْمَ فِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ} [مريم: ٣٨] . ودلالة القرآن على هذا الوجه الأخير ظاهرة، فلعله هو الأرجح، وإن اقتصر صاحب الإتقان على الأول. انظر: دفع إيهام الاضطراب "١٧٦/١٠". =

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