Chapter Four: Blind Following (taqlid) and Turning It into a Creed and a Sect
The Reality of Taqlid and the Warning against It:
Linguistically, taqlid is derived from qalāda, the necklace that a person places around another’s neck; hence the expression taqlid al-hady, “garlanding the sacrificial animal.” It is as though the muqallid hangs upon the one he follows the very ruling he has taken from the mujtahid like a collar. Technically, it is to act on someone else’s opinion without evidence. Therefore, acting on the statement of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, acting on the consensus, the layman’s referral to a mufti, and the judge’s reliance on the testimony of upright witnesses are all excluded, for in these cases the proof is already established.⦗1⦘
This usūlī definition teaches us two important points:
- Taqlid is not beneficial knowledge;
- it is the duty of the uninformed layman.
To clarify these two matters we must pause briefly, examining each of them in the light of the Qur’an and the Sunnah, supported by the statements of the leading scholars; after that we shall turn to the condition of those who follow them.