al-Tawassul: Anwauhu wa AhkamuhuNasir al-Din al-Albani

Among the proofs for this kind of tawassul is the story of the three men in the cave, as related by ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar—may Allah be pleased with them both—who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:

“Three men from those who lived before you set out until night overtook them and they sought lodging in a cave. They entered it, and a boulder rolled down from the mountain and blocked the entrance. They said, ‘Nothing will rescue you from this rock except that you supplicate to Allah by virtue of your righteous deeds.’ ” In another version recorded by Muslim: “Some of them said to the others, ‘Look for deeds you performed sincerely for Allah; then call upon Him by them—perhaps Allah will relieve you of this.’ ”

One of them said, “O Allah, I had two elderly parents, and I never poured the evening drink1 for my family or my servants before them. One day I went out seeking something”—Muslim’s wording is: “seeking firewood”—“and I did not return to them until they had fallen asleep. I milked the animals for their evening drink but found them sleeping, and I disliked serving the drink to my family or my servants before them. So I remained standing with the vessel in my hand, waiting for them to wake up, until dawn broke. They awoke and drank their milk. O Allah, if I did that seeking only Your Face, then lift from us the distress we are in because of this rock.” The rock moved a little, yet they were still unable to get out.

The Prophet ﷺ continued: “Then the second man said, ‘O Allah, I had a female cousin who was dearer to me than anyone else. I sought to have my way with her but she refused me, until a year2 of hardship befell her. She came to me and I gave her one hundred and twenty dinars on condition that she allow me access to herself, and she consented. When I had power over her she said, ‘No…’ ”

1 Evening drink of milk customarily offered at night.
2 A severe year (of famine or need).

(1) al-ghubuq: the drink taken in the late afternoon or evening; that is, I would not allow anyone—family members or otherwise—to drink the milk before them (cited from al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib). (2) al-marah: the place where livestock bed down for the night; meaning, I did not bring the animals back from pasture to their pens. (3) al-sanah: a drought year in which the earth produces nothing, whether or not any rain falls (cited from al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib).
ومن ذلك ما تضمنته قصة أصحاب الغار، كما يرويها عبد الله ابن عمر ﵄ قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: "انطلق ثلاثة رهط ممن كان قبلكم حتى أووا المبيت إلى غار، فدخلوه، فانحدرت صخرة من الجبل، فسدت عليهم الغار، فقالوا: إنه لا ينجيكم من هذه الصخرة إلا أن تدعوا الله بصالح أعمالكم" - وفي رواية لمسلم: "فقال بعضهم لبعض: انظروا أعمالاً عملتموها صالحة لله، فادعوا الله بها، لعل الله يفرجها عنكم -. فقال رجل منهم: اللهم كان لي أبوان شيخان كبيران وكنت لا أغبُقُ١ قبلهما أهلا ولا مالا، فنأى بي طلب شيء" - وفي رواية لمسلم: "الشجر" - "يوماً، فلم أرٍحْ٢ عليهما، حتى ناما، فحلبت لهما غبوقهما فوجدتهما نائمين، فكرهت أن أغبق قبلهما أهلا أو مالا، فلبثت والقدح على يدي انتظر استيقاظهما حتى برق الفجر، فاستيقظا فشربا غبوقهما، اللهم إن كنت فعلت ذلك ابتغاء وجهك ففرج عنا ما نحن فيه من هذه الصخرة، فانفرجت شيئاً لا يستطيعون الخروج." قال النبي ﷺ: "قال الآخر: اللهم كانت لي بنت عم كانت أحب الناس إلي، فأردتها عن نفسها، فامتنعت مني حتى ألمت بها سَنَة٣ من السنين، فجاءتني فأعطيتها عشرين ومئة دينار على أن تخلي بيني وبين نفسها، ففعلت، حتى إذا قدرت عليها قالت: لا
١ الغبوق: هو الذي يشرب العشي, ومعناه: كنت لا أقدم عليهما في شرب اللبن أهلا ولا غيرهم, عن "الترغيب والترهيب". ٢ المراح: موضع مبيت الماشية, والمعني: لم أرد الماشية من المرعى إلى حظائرها. ٣ السنة: العام المقحط الذي لم تنبت الأرض فيه شيئا, سواء نزل غيث أم لم ينزل "عن الترغيب والترهيب"

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