Answer to the Third Point
Determining the proper location of the Prophetic and ʿUthmānī adhān

3. The reply to this point is clear from the previously cited report: “In the time of the Prophet ﷺ, Abu Bakr, and ʿUmar, the adhān was called at the door of the mosque, whereas ʿUthmān’s adhān was given at al-Zawrāʾ.” Therefore, whenever a valid reason arises for following ʿUthmān’s practice—as explained earlier—the call should be made wherever need and benefit dictate, but not at the door, for that is where the Prophetic adhān was made, nor inside the mosque beside the minbar (pulpit), for that is an Umayyad innovation, as will be shown shortly, and it fails to achieve the very purpose of the adhān, which is public notification.

Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr transmitted from Mālik: “The adhān directly in front of the imam is not an early practice,” meaning that it is an innovation. This was stated explicitly by Ibn ʿĀbidīn in his Ḥāshiyah 1/362, by Ibn al-Ḥājj in al-Madkhal 2/208, and by others who are both earlier and more learned than they. Al-Shāṭibī said in