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- Making up a voluntary fast is not obligatory
A person who breaks such a fast is not required to make up that day. Two hadiths address this:
First: Abu Saʿīd al-Khudri relates, “I prepared a meal for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he came to me with his Companions. When the food was set out, one of the men said, ‘I am fasting.’ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, ‘Your brother invited you and went to some trouble for you!’ He then said to him, ‘Break your fast, and if you wish, fast another day in its place.’” 2
(2) Al-Bayhaqi transmits the report (4:279) with a hasan chain, as Ibn Hajar states in Fath al-Bari, 4:170. I note further that al-Tabarani also narrates it in al-Muʿjam al-Awsat, 1:132/1, and I later documented it in Irwa al-Ghalil, no. 1952, confirming its soundness.
٣٢- لا يجب قضاء يوم النفل:
ولا يجب عليه قضاء ذلك اليوم وفيه حديثان:
الأول: عن أبي سعيد الخدري قال: صنعت لرسول الله ﷺ طعاما فأتاني هو وأصحابه فلما وضع الطعام قال رجل من القوم: إني صائم فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "دعاكم أخوكم وتكلف لكم! " ثم قال له: "أفطر وصم مكانه يوما إن شئت" ٢.
٢ رواه البيهقي ٤/٢٧٩ بإسناد حسن كما قال الحافظ في " الفتح" ٤/١٧٠.
قلت: رواه أيضا الطبراني في "الأوسط" ١/١٣٢/١ ثم خرجته في الإرواء ١٩٥٢ تخريجا يؤكد ثبوته.