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Muʿāwiyah ibn Ḥayda, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “O Messenger of Allah! What is the right of a wife over her husband?” He replied, “That you feed her whenever you eat, clothe her whenever you clothe yourself, do not revile her face1, and do not strike her—[nor forsake her except within the house2; how could you (do otherwise) when some of you have been intimate with others3—save in what is lawfully due to them]”4.
He, peace and blessings be upon him, also said:
“Those who will be seated upon pulpits of light on the Day of Resurrection, to the right of the Most Merciful—and both of His hands are right hands—are those who act justly in
(1) That is, do not say, “May Allah disfigure your face.” The instruction “and do not strike” refers specifically to striking the face; if a beating becomes unavoidable, it must not be on the face.
(2) Meaning: do not abandon her except in the sleeping-place, and do not move away from her, nor relocate her to another house. See Sharh al-Sunnah 3/26/1.
(3) Meaning: sexual intercourse. The phrase “except by what is lawful against them” refers to striking or shunning them because of their defiant disobedience (nushuz), as the preceding verse explicitly states.
(4) Reported by Abu Dawud, Sunan, 1:334; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, 2:178–188; and Ahmad, Musnad, 5:3, 5—the additional wording is from Ahmad—with a sound chain. Al-Hakim declared it “sahih,” and al-Dhahabi concurred. Al-Baghawi also recorded it in Sharh al-Sunnah.
وقد قال معاوية بن حيدة ﵁: يا رسول الله! ما حق زوجة أحدنا عليه؟ قال: "أن تطعمها إذا طعمت وتكسوها إذا اكتسيت ولا تقبح الوجه١ ولا تضرب [ولا تهجر إلا في البيت٢ كيف وقد أفضى بعضكم إلى بعض٣ إلا بما حل عليهن] " ٤.
وقال ﷺ:
"المسقطون يوم القيامة على منابر من نور على يمين الرحمن - وكلتا يديه يمين - الذين يعدلون في
١ أي: لا تقل: قبح الله وجهك. وقوله: "ولا تضرب" يعني: الوجه وإنما يضرب عند اللزوم في غير الوجه.
٢ أي: لا تهجرها إلا في المضجع ولا تتحول عنها أو تحولها إلى دار أخرى كذا في "شرح السنة" ٣/٢٦/١.
٣ يعني الجماع. وقوله: "إلا بما هو حل عليهن" يعني من الضرب والهجر بسبب نشوزهن كما هو صريح الآية المتقدمة.
٤ رواه أبو داود ١/٣٣٤ والحاكم ٢/١٧٨ - ١٨٨ وأحمد ٥/٣ و ٥ والزيادة له بسند حسن. وقال الحاكم:
" صحيح ". ووافقه الذهبي.
ورواه البغوي أيضا في شرح السنة.