he has delivered a clear and actionable ruling that is customarily accepted among the people—whether or not it concurs with the judgement of the town’s qāḍī—so long as it does not contradict the consensus of the scholars. With Allah alone is success.

If a debtor comes to his creditor with part of the sum he owes and the creditor refuses to take it, the creditor is compelled to accept whatever the debtor has brought, according to Ibn al-Qāsim. Ashhab, on the other hand, maintains that the creditor is not compelled unless the debtor is impoverished; but if the debtor is well-off he is rather compelled to settle the entire debt in full.

Success is from Allah. May Allah bless Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and leader of the Messengers, and grant him abundant peace.