Al-KāfīIbn Abd al-Barr

God willing.

• Whoever deliberately drinks any intoxicant without relying on a mistaken legal interpretation—even if he stops short of actual drunkenness—or leases his shop to a seller of intoxicating nabidh, his testimony is inadmissible.

• If a person becomes drunk on nabidh or any other beverage, he is deemed a flagrant sinner; by unanimous agreement his testimony is rejected and all jurists hold that he is liable for the prescribed penalty.

• Anyone who claims to pronounce judgments by the stars, becomes known for it, and earns money thereby loses the right to testify.

• Should a man purchase a female slave with whom her former owner used to have intercourse and then himself sleep with her before confirming that she is free of pregnancy, his testimony is not accepted, provided he knows with certainty that the seller did not observe her waiting-period.
– However, if he had intercourse on the basis of a juristic interpretation held by some scholars—for example, buying her from a woman and assuming she had already completed the waiting period or believing her to be a virgin, and the like—his testimony is not struck down, because in his view he committed no sin.

• A poet who accuses people of fornication in his verse, or whose poetry is largely harmful, may not testify. By contrast, a poet who confines himself to praise, refrains from lampooning, is not notorious for erotic verse about a particular woman, and is otherwise upright, does not have his testimony rejected. Poetry is structured speech: what is good in it is good and what is bad is bad; and in it there is wisdom, as the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Indeed, some poetry contains wisdom.”

• According to Mālik, anyone who compels his father to take an oath in decisive litigation has his testimony nullified, for that amounts to filial disobedience, even if his own claim is true.

• Muʿammar ibn ʿĪsā reports from Mālik that the testimony of the Khārijites, of any Rāfiḍī who reviles the early generations, and of any Qadarite who actively propagates his doctrine is not admissible.

إن شاء الله ومن شر المسكر غير متأول ولم يبلغ مبلغ السكر منه أو أكرى حانوته من بائع النبيذ المسكر لم تجز شهادته وأما من سكر من النبيذ أو غيره من الأشربة ففاسق مردود الشهادة عند الجميع وكلهم يرى عليه الحد في ذلك ومن ادعى علم القضاء بالنجوم واشتهر بذلك وأكل المال به سقطت شهادته ومن اتشرى أمة مثلها يوطأ ممن كان يطأه اووطئها قبل أن يستبرئها لم تجز شهادته إذا أيقن أن البائع لم يستبرئها من وطئه ولو وطئها بتأويل على مذهب بعض الفقهاء مثل أن يشتريها من امرأة ويعتقد أنها مستبرأة أو عذراء أو نحو ذلك مما اختلف فيه الفقهاء لم تسقط شهادته لتأويله ولأنه لم يأت حراما عنده والشاعر القاذف بشعره أو الكثير الأذى بشعره لا تجوز شهادته وأما نمن مدح من الشعراء ولم يهج ولم يشتهر في التشبيب بامرأة بعينها وكان عدلا لم ترد شهادته والشعر كلام منظوم حسنه حسن وقبيحه قبيح ومنه حكمة كما قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إن من الشعر لحكمة" ومن حلف أباه في مقطع الحق بطلت شهادته عند مالك لأنه عقوق وإن كان في دعواه محقا وروى معمر بن عيسى عن مالك قال لا تجوز شهادة الخوارج ولا رافضي يسب السلف ولا قدري يدعو إلى القدر

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