Chapter on marriage during the waiting period, shighar marriage, temporary marriage (mutʿah), the daytime marriage (al-nahāriyyah), and the marriages of the muhallil and the person in iḥrām.

After lifting any blame for making indirect hints when proposing to women, Allah says: “And do not resolve upon the marriage contract until the prescribed term has run its course” (Qur’an 2:235).

The entire Muslim community concurs that it is impermissible to contract a marriage while the woman is still in her ʿiddah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade shighar marriage, mutʿah marriage, and marriage while in a state of iḥrām, and he cursed both the muhallil—the man who marries a thrice-divorced woman only so she may return to her first husband—and the one for whose sake he does so.

No one may make a direct proposal to a woman during her waiting period, though he may speak to her indirectly with words such as: “Women are among my concerns,” “I am eager to marry,” “Allah will surely bring you something good,” and the like. If he says, “I truly desire her,” or “I am keen on you,” there is no harm.

Whoever proposes to a woman in her ʿiddah but does not conclude the marriage contract with her until the waiting period ends has acted improperly, yet no legal penalty falls upon him. And if he contracts