Chapter on Impurities and Their Removal

Impurities include everything that exits from the two outlets of a human being, as well as from the same outlets of any animal whose flesh is not lawful to eat. They also encompass altered vomit, wine, and every carcass—except that of creatures with no flowing blood or of sea creatures.

Mālik and his companions unanimously hold that the droppings of animals whose flesh is permissible are not impure, and most of them apply the same ruling to their urine. They did, however, differ over whether a leather sock must be washed if soiled by the dung of riding beasts. Mālik was unequivocal about the impurity of the urine of animals whose flesh is unlawful, yet he expressed two opinions regarding the droppings of birds that feed on carrion, even though he considered all birds lawful to eat.

In any case, steering clear of the excreta of every animal is preferable, both to avoid the area of disagreement and as a precaution for prayer. Any impurity that has dried and does not cling to a garment, the ground, or the body carries no legal consequence.