and the same rule holds when the killing was accidental; the killer himself must pay, and his ʿāqila (agnatic relatives) are not charged with any share of the blood-money. Whoever kills a slave intentionally is to be lashed one hundred times and imprisoned for a full year. If the killing was by mistake, he must free a slave; should he be unable to do so, he must fast two consecutive months.

A report from Mālik states—by way of juristic preference—that an expiation is required even for deliberate homicide; this is the opinion most commonly attributed to him. The earlier view, however, is sounder: no expiation is owed, for a protected life has been taken.

If someone castrates another man’s slave, he is liable for every diminution in value caused by the loss of fertility, the loss of strength and vigor, the loss of the beard, and any other feature of adornment; no consideration is given to any rise in the slave’s market price that the castration might bring about.

Should a man wound another person’s slave and the owner then emancipate him, and the freedman subsequently dies from that very wound, the offender must pay the full diya of a free person. From that sum the former owner receives an amount equal to the estimated damage, while whatever remains goes to the emancipated slave’s heirs. If the diya equals—or exceeds—the loss in the slave’s value, the heirs receive nothing and the entire amount reverts to the former owner.

The same principle applies to a Christian who is struck, then embraces Islam, and later dies: his diya is the diya of a Muslim.