chosen by al-Abharī and Ibn al-Jallāb.

As for the adornments and supererogatory refinements of the prayer, they are: raising the hands, uttering tasbīḥ while bowing and prostrating, saying Āmīn, performing qunūt, and supplicating for the believing men and women. No prostration of forgetfulness is due from one who omits any of these, and should someone prostrate for them on the basis of an interpretive opinion, his prayer is not invalidated.

If a worshipper rises from the first two units inadvertently, then remembers only after having straightened up fully, he should carry on without sitting and make the prostration of forgetfulness before the salām. The same rule applies to every omission: its prostration is before the salām.

When the forgetfulness involves an addition, the prostration is after the salām. If both kinds of forgetfulness—an addition and an omission—occur together, he prostrates for them before the salām; two prostrations suffice for all forgetfulness, however numerous the instances.

Anyone who adds something to his prayer inadvertently and then remembers must stop the extra act, sit, give the salām, and prostrate for forgetfulness after the salām.

Whoever recalls—only after the salām—that he missed a prostration, a whole unit, or the recitation of the Opening Chapter, must recommence the prayer if he has spoken or a lengthy interval has elapsed, for what he performed is invalid. If, however, he remembers before giving the salām, or immediately after the salām, before