whether that brother is related through nursing or in any other way; only those we have specified by direct blood-relationship are automatically set free. ʿAlī ibn Ziyād transmitted from Mālik that it is recommended to emancipate one’s milk-father, milk-mother, milk-child, and milk-sister.

A waṣī (legal guardian) may accept, on behalf of his female ward, a slave whose ownership would bring about automatic emancipation for her, and he may accept a share in such a slave if the ward is insolvent; but if she is solvent, acceptance is not permitted.

If two men jointly purchase, in a single transaction, a slave whose ownership would cause emancipation for one of them, that partner must reimburse his co-buyer for the price, and the slave is freed for him.

If a man buys from his father a pregnant slave-woman, the fetus is emancipated for him because it is his brother. He may not sell her until she delivers, unless he is burdened with debt; the same ruling applies when a father buys his son’s pregnant slave-woman.

Whoever buys a relative whose ownership would entail automatic emancipation while he is encumbered by debt that consumes all his assets, that slave is sold to settle the debt—although another opinion holds that the purchase is annulled and the sale returned to the original seller.