he must free the slave in full the very moment he becomes solvent after having released his own share, and he is liable for the value of his partner’s portion. This opinion is also related from Mālik, yet the first view is the one that sums up his school and is held by most of his companions.

If the slave dies before any valuation is made, the well-known position of Mālik is that he dies as a slave; the emancipator owes his partner nothing for the unfreed share, and the whole estate passes to the partner who did not manumit his portion, not to the emancipator. Should the emancipator die, nothing is charged against one-third of his estate, for the property has already passed to his heirs.

If the slave is a female and no appraisal of the remaining enslaved part is carried out until she bears a child, the partner’s share is then appraised together with the child.

Before an appraisal takes place, if the emancipator’s partner wishes to free his own share outright, he may do so, provided his manumission is immediate; the walāʾ (right of patronage) is then divided between them according to their respective shares. If, however, his partner is solvent, he may not set his share free at a deferred date, nor conclude a kitābah contract with the slave, nor place him in tadbīr; should the partner be insolvent, all of these options are permissible.

If it was not realized that, once the first emancipator is solvent, he must pay the value of the remaining share, and the partner went ahead and sold his share, the sale is to be annulled.

If one of two partners frees his share immediately while insolvent, and thereafter the other partner frees his share to take effect at a future date, each manumission stands as declared—the first outright, the second deferred until its term. If, in that same situation, the partner whose manumission is deferred is solvent, he is given a choice: either have his share freed immediately, in which case the two of them share the walāʾ in proportion to their shares, or have his share appraised for his fellow partner, who would then complete the manumission by paying its value and would receive the walāʾ in full.

Conversely, if the first partner frees his share effective at a future date and the second partner frees his share immediately, both acts are valid. The first partner is entitled to the slave’s service in proportion to his share until the appointed term; should the slave die before that term, the first partner alone receives whatever property the slave leaves behind.

And when one of the partners in a slave