Mukhtasar al-Uluww lil-Ali al-Azim - A-Dhahabi - (263)

Mukhtasar al-Uluww lil-Ali al-AzimA-Dhahabi

298 – Sharḥ Iʿtiqād Ahl al-Sunnah ⦗1/90/1⦘. The printed edition contained several mistakes which I corrected from it and from the manuscript.

144 – Yaḥyā b. ʿAmmār (332–422 AH)

319 – The Imām Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā b. ʿAmmār al-Sijistānī, the preacher, wrote in his epistle:

“We do not say, as the Jahmiyyah claim, that the Exalted One penetrates all places, mixes with every thing, and that we cannot tell where He is. Rather, we say that He is upon the Throne in His very essence, while His knowledge surrounds everything; His knowledge, hearing, sight, and power comprehend all things. This is the meaning of His statement, ‘And He is with you wherever you may be’ ⦗Q 57:4⦘. What we have affirmed is exactly what God has said and what His Messenger has conveyed.”

I (the author) say: Your phrase “in His very essence” is your own addition. It can be interpreted in a sound way, but it is unnecessary, for those who explain istawā say that He overpowered in His essence and established Himself in His essence without any assistant or supporter.

Ibn ʿAmmār enjoyed remarkable prestige in those lands and was versed in hadith. Shaykh al-Islām al-Anṣārī studied under him. He transmitted from ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAdī al-Ṣābūnī, not al-Jurjānī.

He died in Dhū al-Qaʿdah 422 AH, a little short of eighty years of age—may God pardon him.

299 – This conflicts with Ibn al-ʿImād’s explicit statement in al-Shadharāt ⦗3/226⦘ that he died at ninety.

145 – The Caliph al-Qādir billāh, Commander of the Faithful (335–422 AH)

320 – He had a well-known creed that was read aloud in Baghdad before its scholars and Imams and was declared to represent the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah wa-l-Jamāʿah. It contains several commendable points, among them:

“He created the Throne not out of need and established Himself over it as He willed—an establishment that is not one of repose. Every attribute with which He described Himself, or with which His Messenger described Him, is a true attribute, not a figurative one. The speech of God is uncreated; He sent it down upon His Messenger.”⦗1⦘

(1) It has already been cited in an abridged form—with an additional phrase at its beginning—under chapter heading 140.

٢٩٨- "شرح اعتقاد أهل السنة" "١/ ٩٠/ ١"، وكان في الأصل بعض الأخطاء صححتها منه ومن المخطوطة. ١٤٤- يحيى بن عمار "٣٣٢-٤٢٢" ٣١٩- قال الإمام أبو زكريا يحيى بن عمار السجستاني الواعظ في رسالته: "لا نقول كما قالت الجهمية: إنه تعالى مداخل للأمكنة وممازج بكل شيء، ولا نعلم أين هو؟ بل نقول: هو بذاته على العرش، وعلمه محيط بكل شيء، وعلمه وسمعه، وبصره وقدرته مدركة لكل شيء، وذلك معنى قوله: ﴿وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ﴾ فهذا الذي قلناه هو كما قال الله وقاله رسوله". قلت: قولك "بذاته" هذا من كيسك، ولها محمل حسن ولا حاجة إليها، فإن الذي يؤول استوى يقول: أي قهر بذاته واستولى بذاته بلا معين ولا مؤازر. كان ابن عمار له جلالة عجيبة بتلك الديار، وكان يعرف الحديث، أخذ عنه شيخ الإسلام الأنصاري، وكان يروي عن عبد الله بن عدي الصابوني لا الجرجاني. مات في ذي القعدة اثنتين وعشرين وأربعمائة عن قريب من ثمانين سنة عفا الله عنه. ٢٩٩- هذا يخالف ما صرح به ابن العماد في "الشذرات" "٣/ ٢٢٦" أنه مات وله تسعون سنة. ١٤٥- القادر بالله أمير المؤمنين "٣٣٥-٤٢٢" ٣٢٠- له معتقد مشهور، قرئ ببغداد بمشهد من علمائها وأئمتها، وأنه قول أهل السنة والجماعة، وفيه أشياء حسنة، من ذلك: "وأنه خلق العرش لا لحاجة، واستوى عليه كيف شاء، لا استواء راحة، وكل صفة وصف بها نفسه، أو وصفه بها رسوله فهي صفة حقيقة لا صفة مجاز، وكلام الله غير مخلوق أنزله على رسوله"١.

١ مضى مختصرا بزيادة في أوله في الترجمة "١٤٠".