Mukhtasar al-Uluww lil-Ali al-Azim - A-Dhahabi - (237)

Mukhtasar al-Uluww lil-Ali al-AzimA-Dhahabi

—has been reliably transmitted from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, rejecting none of it.
They hold that Allah is upon His Throne, as He said: “The Most Merciful rose over the Throne” (Q 20:5); that He has two hands, without asking how, as He said: “that which I created with My two hands” (Q 38:75).
They maintain that the Names of Allah are not something other than Allah Himself, contrary to the Muʿtazilah and the Khārijites.
They acknowledge that Allah possesses knowledge, as He said: “He sent it down with His knowledge” (Q 4:166) and “No female conceives or gives birth except with His knowledge” (Q 35:11).
They affirm for Him hearing and sight, and do not deny these attributes as the Muʿtazilah did.
They say that nothing of good or evil occurs on earth except by Allah’s will, and that all things come to be through His willing, as the Exalted said: “You do not will except that Allah wills” (Q 76:30). Then he went on to say:
They declare that the Qur’an is the speech of Allah, uncreated.
They deem authentic the reports that have come from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, such as: “Allah descends to the lowest heaven and says, ‘Is there anyone seeking forgiveness?’,” exactly as the hadith states.
They acknowledge that Allah will come on the Day of Resurrection, as He said: “And your Lord will come, and the angels rank upon rank” (Q 89:22); and that Allah draws near to His creation as He wills, for He said: “We are closer to him than his jugular vein” (Q 50:16). Then he said:
This is the sum of what they command, practise, and believe. We affirm everything we have quoted from their doctrine and adhere to it; success comes only from Allah.
269 – Maqālāt al-Islāmiyyīn, pp. 290–297.
288 – Al-Ashʿarī also related in this same book, in the chapter, “Is the Creator, Exalted be He, in one place rather than another, or in no place, or in every place?”:
“They disagreed on this issue in seventeen different opinions. Among them, the people of the Sunnah and the hadith scholars say: He is not a body, He does not resemble created things, and He is upon the Throne, as He said:”

رواه الثقات عن رسول الله ﷺ، لا يردون من ذلك شيئاً. وأن الله على عرشه كما قال: ﴿الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى﴾ وأن له يدين بلا كيف كما قال: ﴿لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَي﴾ . وأن أسماء الله لا يقال أنها غير الله كما قالت المعتزلة والخوارج. وأقروا أن الله علماً كما قال: ﴿أَنْزَلَهُ بِعِلْمِه﴾ ﴿وَمَا تَحْمِلُ مِنْ أُنْثَى وَلا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلْمِهِ﴾ . وأثبتوا السمع والبصر، ولم ينفوا ذلك عن الله كما نفته المعتزلة. وقالوا: لا يكون في الأرض من خير وشر إلا ما شاء الله، وأن الأشياء تكون بمشيئته كما قال تعالى: ﴿وَمَا تَشَاءُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ﴾ . إلى أن قال: ويقولون: "أن" القرآن كلام الله غير مخلوق. ويصدقون بالأحاديث التي جاءت عن رسول الله ﷺ: "إن الله ينزل إلى السماء الدنيا فيقول: هل من مستغفر" كما جاء في الحديث. ويقرون أن الله يجئ يوم القيامة كما قال: ﴿وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا﴾ وأن الله يقرب من خلقه كما يشاء، قال: ﴿وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ﴾ إلى أن قال: فهذا جملة ما يأمرون به ويستعملونه ويرونه، وبكل ما ذكرنا من قولهم نقول وإليه نذهب، وما توفيقنا إلا بالله". ٢٦٩- "مقالات الإسلاميين" "ص٢٩٠-٢٩٧". ٢٨٨- وذكر الأشعري في هذا الكتاب المذكور في باب "هل الباري تعالى في مكان دون مكان، أم لا في مكان، أم في مكان فقال: "اختلفوا في ذلك على سبع عشرة مقالة: منها: قال أهل السنة أصحاب الحديث: أنه ليس بجسم ولا يشبه الأشياء، وأنه على العرش كما قال: