that makes matters plain; its opposite is lying and concealment. An upright person reports a matter as it actually is, neither adding to it and thereby lying, nor omitting anything and thereby concealing it. The report corresponds to what is reported, just as the cognitive and mental representation corresponds to external reality, spoken expression corresponds to knowledge, and writing corresponds to spoken expression.

Thus, when knowledge matches what is known, without addition or omission; speech matches knowledge, without addition or omission; and writing matches speech, this constitutes justice. Whoever upholds this upholds equity and bears witness with equity, and is a person of integrity. Whoever adds anything lies, and whoever omits anything conceals it. This may occur deliberately or by mistake. Reflect on this, for it is profoundly important and immensely beneficial.