And the second declaration:
The testimony that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. This requires devotion as prescribed through the Prophet and excludes whatever falls outside it, whether grounded in reason, religion, or revealed law.
The third category:
Acts of obedience specific to the law of the Quran, such as the distinctive requirements of the five daily prayers, fasting the month of Ramadan, and pilgrimage to the Ancient House; obligatory zakat dues; rulings governing transactions and marriage; prescribed penalties; and similar acts of worship prescribed by revealed law, together with everything else it commands or prohibits.
Section:
With this distinction established, most jurists confine their discussions to acts of obedience prescribed by revealed law, together with those known through reason. Most Sufis follow acts of obedience pertaining to religion, together with those known through reason, while most adherents of philosophy stop at those known through reason.
For this reason, many of those engaged in the study of jurisprudence stray from the heart’s acts of obedience and worship: sincere devotion to Allah, reliance upon Him, love for Him, reverent fear of Him, and the like.