The third is listening specific to revealed law, namely listening to the Quran. Prayer likewise falls into three categories.

These three categories have sound foundations, as indicated by His words:

“Indeed, those who believed, the Jews, the Christians, and the Sabians—whoever believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteous deeds”—to the end of the verse.

“Those who believed” are the adherents of the Quran’s revealed law. This is religion grounded in revealed law, including its religious and rational elements. The Jews and Christians follow a religious tradition governed by the revealed law of the Torah and the Gospel, including its religious and rational elements. The Sabians follow rational religion, including its religious elements, or its religious elements and prescriptions of revealed law (1).