Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

that Allah wills acts of disobedience, because they—people from among the earlier and later generations—thought that willing could only mean willing to create them. They knew that Allah is the Creator of all things, and that whatever He wills comes to pass, while whatever He does not will does not come to pass. The Quran uses the word “will” in both senses, but each group recognized one meaning and denied the other.

Another example is the man who said to his family:

“When I die, burn me, then scatter me in the sea. By Allah, if Allah has power over me, He will punish me as He punishes no one else in all creation.”

Similar examples are those mentioned by some of the early generations concerning His words:

“Does he think that no one has power over him?”

And concerning the words of the disciples:

“Can your Lord send down to us a table spread with food from heaven?”

Likewise, the Companions who asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “Will we see our Lord on the Day of Resurrection?” did not know that they would see Him. Many people do not know this, either because the hadiths have not reached them or because they think those reports are false and erroneous.

مِنْ السَّلَفِ وَالْخَلَفِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُرِيدُ الْمَعَاصِيَ؛ لِكَوْنِهِمْ ظَنُّوا أَنَّ الْإِرَادَةَ لَا تَكُونُ إلَّا بِمَعْنَى الْمَشِيئَةِ لِخَلْقِهَا وَقَدْ عَلِمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ؛ وَأَنَّهُ مَا شَاءَ كَانَ وَمَا لَمْ يَشَأْ لَمْ يَكُنْ وَالْقُرْآنُ قَدْ جَاءَ بِلَفْظِ الْإِرَادَةِ بِهَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَبِهَذَا الْمَعْنَى لَكِنَّ كُلَّ طَائِفَةٍ عَرَفَتْ أَحَدَ الْمَعْنَيَيْنِ وَأَنْكَرَتْ الْآخَرَ. وَكَاَلَّذِي قَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ: إذَا أَنَا مُتّ فَأَحْرِقُونِي: ثُمَّ ذَرُونِي فِي الْيَمِّ فَوَاَللَّهِ لَئِنْ قَدَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ لَيُعَذِّبَنِي عَذَابًا لَا يُعَذِّبُهُ أَحَدًا مِنْ الْعَالَمِينَ. وَكَمَا قَدْ ذَكَرَهُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ السَّلَفِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ} وَفِي قَوْلِ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ: {هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا مَائِدَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ} وَكَالصَّحَابَةِ الَّذِينَ سَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَلْ نَرَى رَبَّنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟ فَلَمْ يَكُونُوا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَهُ؛ وَكَثِيرٌ مِنْ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ؛ إمَّا لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ تَبْلُغْهُ الْأَحَادِيثُ وَإِمَّا لِأَنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ وَغَلَطٌ.

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