Allah be pleased with them all. No Muslim group has disputed the existence of the jinn or that Allah sent Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to them. Most groups of disbelievers also affirm the existence of the jinn. As for the People of the Book—the Jews and Christians—they acknowledge them just as Muslims do, although some among them deny this, just as some Muslims do. Such denial is found among mistaken individuals within Muslim groups and among the Muʿtazilah, even though the majority of that group and its leading scholars affirm it.

This is because reports from the prophets concerning the existence of the jinn have been transmitted so widely and abundantly that their truth is necessarily known. It is likewise necessarily known that the jinn are living, rational beings who act of their own volition and, moreover, are subject to commands and prohibitions. They are not attributes or accidents inhering in human beings or anything else, as some heretics claim.

Since accounts of the jinn have been transmitted from the prophets so widely and manifestly that they are known to ordinary people and scholars alike, no large community of those who believe in the messengers could deny their existence. Likewise, no large community of those who believe in the messengers could deny the angels, bodily resurrection, the worship of Allah alone without any partner, or that Allah sends a human messenger to His creation, and other such matters concerning which reports from the prophets have been transmitted so widely that they are known to ordinary people and scholars alike. Similarly, ordinary people and scholars alike have received widespread reports of Moses coming to Pharaoh, Pharaoh’s drowning, the Messiah coming to the Jews and their hostility towards him, and the emergence of Muhammad