Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Allah Most High. Allah Most High says:

“Or have they taken intercessors besides Allah? Say, ‘Even though they possess nothing and have no understanding?’”

“Say, ‘All intercession belongs to Allah.’”

Allah Most High also says:

“Then He rose above the Throne. You have no protector or intercessor besides Him.”

And He says:

“Say, ‘Call upon those whom you claim to be gods besides Him. They have no power to remove your suffering or to shift it elsewhere.’”

“Those whom they invoke themselves seek a means of drawing near to their Lord, vying to be nearest to Him. They hope for His mercy and fear His punishment. Indeed, your Lord’s punishment is ever to be feared.”

A group of the early generations said that some people used to invoke the Messiah, Ezra, and the angels. Allah Most High therefore explained that these prophets and angels are His servants, just as those who invoke them are His servants. They draw near to Allah, hope for His mercy, and fear His punishment.

The polytheists have taken rivals alongside Allah, loving them as they love Allah, and have taken intercessors to intercede for them with Allah. They thus love these beings and associate them with Allah. Their conduct resembles that of the Christians in their love for the Messiah and their association of him with Allah.

The believers, however, are stronger in their love for Allah. They worship Allah alone and do not set up anything alongside Him that they love as they love Him—neither His prophets nor anyone else. Rather, out of their love for Allah, they love what He loves. They devote their religion sincerely to Allah and know that no one can intercede for them except by His permission. Thus, they love Allah’s servant and Messenger Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, out of their love for Allah. They know that he is Allah’s servant who conveys His message, so they obey his commands and believe what he reports. They place their hope in Allah alone, fear Allah alone, and ask Allah alone. His intercession for those for whom

دُونِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {أَمِ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ شُفَعَاءَ قُلْ أَوَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يَمْلِكُونَ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَعْقِلُونَ} {قُلْ لِلَّهِ الشَّفَاعَةُ جَمِيعًا} وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا شَفِيعٍ} وَقَالَ: {قُلِ ادْعُوا الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ فَلَا يَمْلِكُونَ كَشْفَ الضُّرِّ عَنْكُمْ وَلَا تَحْوِيلًا} {أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ يَبْتَغُونَ إلَى رَبِّهِمُ الْوَسِيلَةَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ وَيَرْجُونَ رَحْمَتَهُ وَيَخَافُونَ عَذَابَهُ إنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ كَانَ مَحْذُورًا} قَالَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ السَّلَفِ كَانَ أَقْوَامٌ يَدْعُونَ الْمَسِيحَ وَالْعُزَيْرَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةَ فَبَيَّنَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةَ عِبَادُهُ كَمَا أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ عِبَادُهُ هَؤُلَاءِ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ إلَى اللَّهِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ يَرْجُونَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ يَخَافُونَ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ فَالْمُشْرِكُونَ اتَّخَذُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ أَنْدَادًا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ اللَّهِ؛ وَاِتَّخَذُوا شُفَعَاءَ يَشْفَعُونَ لَهُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَفِيهِمْ مَحَبَّةٌ لَهُمْ وَإِشْرَاكٌ بِهِمْ وَفِيهِمْ مِنْ جِنْسِ مَا فِي النَّصَارَى مِنْ حُبِّ الْمَسِيحِ وَإِشْرَاكٍ بِهِ. وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ أَشَدُّ حُبًّا لِلَّهِ فَلَا يَعْبُدُونَ إلَّا اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا يَجْعَلُونَ مَعَهُ شَيْئًا يُحِبُّونَهُ كَحُبِّهِ لَا أَنْبِيَاءَهُ وَلَا غَيْرَهُمْ بَلْ أَحَبُّوا مَا أَحَبَّهُ بِمَحَبَّتِهِمْ لِلَّهِ وَأَخْلَصُوا دِينَهُمْ لِلَّهِ وَعَلِمُوا أَنَّ أَحَدًا لَا يَشْفَعُ لَهُمْ إلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَأَحَبُّوا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولَهُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَحُبِّ اللَّهِ وَعَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمُبَلِّغُ عَنْ اللَّهِ فَأَطَاعُوهُ فِيمَا أَمَرَ وَصَدَّقُوهُ فِيمَا أَخْبَرَ وَلَمْ يَرْجُوَا إلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَمْ يَخَافُوا إلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَمْ يَسْأَلُوا إلَّا اللَّهَ وَشَفَاعَتُهُ لِمَنْ

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