Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

The wording “He began creation” is comparable to that in the other hadith:

“Allah determined the destinies of created beings fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth.”

Here, “created beings” means the familiar created beings brought into existence after the Throne had been created and was upon the water. Thus, the decree concerning created things refers to the decree concerning the creation of this world, as in the hadith about the Pen:

“When Allah created it, He said, ‘Write.’ It asked, ‘What shall I write?’ He said, ‘Write what will happen until the Day of Resurrection.’”

Likewise, the authentic hadith states:

“Allah determined the destinies of created beings fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth, and His Throne was upon the water.”

And the wording in the other authentic hadith:

“Allah was, and nothing was before Him. His Throne was upon the water. He wrote everything in the Record, then created the heavens and the earth.”

This means that He wrote everything He intended to create of that creation. For the expression “everything” has, in each context, a scope determined by the purpose for which it is used, as in His words:

“He has knowledge of everything”; “He has power over everything”; “Allah is the Creator of everything”; “destroying everything”; “She has been given of everything”; “We opened for them the gates of everything”; and “Of everything We created pairs.”

The messengers also told of the prior existence of His names and attributes, as in His words: “And Allah has always been Almighty, All-Wise”; “All-Hearing, All-Seeing”; “All-Forgiving, Most Merciful”; and similar expressions.

Ibn ‘Abbās said, “He was, and He ever remains so.” He did not restrict His being so to one time rather than another.

وَقَوْلُهُ: " بَدَأَ الْخَلْقَ " مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ: " {قَدَّرَ اللَّهُ مَقَادِيرَ الْخَلَائِقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ} " فَإِنَّ الْخَلَائِقَ هُنَا الْمُرَادُ بِهَا الْخَلَائِقُ الْمَعْرُوفَةُ الْمَخْلُوقَةُ بَعْدَ خَلْقِ الْعَرْشِ وَكَوْنِهِ عَلَى الْمَاءِ. وَلِهَذَا كَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ لِلْمَخْلُوقَاتِ هُوَ التَّقْدِيرُ لِخَلْقِ هَذَا الْعَالَمِ كَمَا فِي حَدِيثِ الْقَلَمِ: {إنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَّا خَلَقَهُ قَالَ: اُكْتُبْ قَالَ: وَمَاذَا أَكْتُبُ؟ قَالَ: اُكْتُبْ مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ} . وَكَذَلِكَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ: " {إنَّ اللَّهَ قَدَّرَ مَقَادِيرَ الْخَلَائِقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ} " وَقَوْلُهُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ الصَّحِيحِ: " {كَانَ اللَّهُ وَلَا شَيْءَ قَبْلَهُ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَكَتَبَ فِي الذِّكْرِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ} " يُرَادُ بِهِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ كُلَّ مَا أَرَادَ خَلْقَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؛ فَإِنَّ لَفْظَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يَعُمُّ فِي كُلِّ مَوْضِعٍ بِحَسَبِ مَا سِيقَتْ لَهُ كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: {بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ} و {عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ} وَقَوْلِهِ: {اللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ} وَ {تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ} {وَأُوتِيَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ} وَ {فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَبْوَابَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ} {وَمِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَا زَوْجَيْنِ} وَأَخْبَرَتْ الرُّسُلُ بِتَقَدُّمِ أَسْمَائِهِ وَصِفَاتِهِ كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا} . {سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا} . {غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا} وَأَمْثَالَ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: " كَانَ وَلَا يَزَالُ " . وَلَمْ يُقَيِّدْ كَوْنَهُ بِوَقْتِ دُونَ وَقْتٍ

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