As for what they relate from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“Whoever possesses beneficial knowledge and conceals it from the Muslims will be bridled by Allah with a bridle of fire on the Day of Resurrection.”

Its meaning is known from the Sunan collections, in which the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“Whoever is asked about knowledge he possesses and conceals it will be bridled by Allah with a bridle of fire on the Day of Resurrection.”

As for what they relate from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“When you come to discuss the disputes that arose among my Companions, refrain; and when you come to discuss divine decree and predestination, refrain.”

This has been transmitted through disconnected chains of transmission.

As for the report that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Salmān al-Fārisī, while he was eating grapes:

“Daw, daw”—meaning, “Two grapes at a time.”

These are not the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace; the report is false.

As for what they relate from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“If a man commits fornication with a woman and she bears him a daughter, he may marry his daughter born of fornication.”

This is a view expressed by people outside al-Shāfiʿī’s school, some of whom attribute it to al-Shāfiʿī. Some of al-Shāfiʿī’s followers denied this attribution, saying that he did not explicitly declare it permissible. He did, however, explicitly permit the corresponding case involving kinship through breastfeeding, where milk is suckled from a woman pregnant as a result of fornication. Scholars generally, including Ahmad, Abū Hanīfah and others, agree that this is forbidden. This is also the stronger of the two positions in Mālik’s school.