Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Allah Most High also said:

“As for elderly women who no longer hope for marriage, there is no blame on them if they lay aside their outer garments without displaying their adornment. But it is better for them to refrain.”

He thus permitted an elderly woman who no longer hopes to marry to lay aside her outer garments: she need not drape her outer cloak over herself or veil herself. This, however, is an exception among free women, because the harm present in the case of others is absent in hers. Similarly, He made an exception for male attendants who have no sexual desire, allowing women to display their adornment before them, because they lack the desire that gives rise to temptation.

Likewise, if a slave woman is feared to be a source of temptation, she must draw her outer cloak over herself and veil herself. Others must lower their gaze from her, and she must lower hers. Neither the Book nor the Sunnah gives general permission to look at slave women, or for them to go unveiled and display their adornment. Rather, the Quran did not command them to do what it commanded free women to do, and the Sunnah distinguished between them and free women in practice, not through a generally worded statement. The customary practice among the believers was that free women veiled themselves from men, whereas slave women did not.

The Quran made an exception for elderly free women, not requiring them to veil themselves. It also made an exception for certain men—those without sexual desire—not prohibiting women from displaying their hidden adornment before them, because desire is absent in both these groups. There is therefore all the more reason to make an exception for certain slave women: those whose going unveiled and displaying their adornment gives rise to desire and temptation.

And just as, in the case of unmarriageable male relatives—such as their husbands’ sons and the like—who feel desire and infatuation, it is not permissible

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ} . فَرَخَّصَ لِلْعَجُوزِ الَّتِي لَا تَطْمَعُ فِي النِّكَاحِ أَنْ تَضَعَ ثِيَابَهَا فَلَا تُلْقِي عَلَيْهَا جِلْبَابَهَا وَلَا تَحْتَجِبُ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مُسْتَثْنَاةً مِنْ الْحَرَائِرِ لِزَوَالِ الْمَفْسَدَةِ الْمَوْجُودَةِ فِي غَيْرِهَا كَمَا اسْتَثْنَى التَّابِعِينَ غَيْرَ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنْ الرِّجَالِ فِي إظْهَارِ الزِّينَةِ لَهُمْ لِعَدَمِ الشَّهْوَةِ الَّتِي تَتَوَلَّدُ مِنْهَا الْفِتْنَةُ وَكَذَلِكَ الْأَمَةُ إذَا كَانَ يُخَافُ بِهَا الْفِتْنَةُ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تُرْخِيَ مِنْ جِلْبَابِهَا وَتَحْتَجِبَ وَوَجَبَ غَضُّ الْبَصَرِ عَنْهَا وَمِنْهَا. وَلَيْسَ فِي الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ إبَاحَةُ النَّظَرِ إلَى عَامَّةِ الْإِمَاءِ وَلَا تَرْكُ احْتِجَابِهِنَّ وَإِبْدَاءُ زِينَتِهِنَّ وَلَكِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُنَّ بِمَا أَمَرَ الْحَرَائِرَ وَالسُّنَّةُ فَرَّقَتْ بِالْفِعْلِ بَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ الْحَرَائِرِ وَلَمْ تُفَرِّقْ بَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ الْحَرَائِرِ بِلَفْظِ عَامٍّ بَلْ كَانَتْ عَادَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ تَحْتَجِبَ مِنْهُمْ الْحَرَائِرُ دُونَ الْإِمَاءِ وَاسْتَثْنَى الْقُرْآنُ مِنْ النِّسَاءِ الْحَرَائِرِ الْقَوَاعِدَ فَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ عَلَيْهِنَّ احْتِجَابًا وَاسْتَثْنَى بَعْضَ الرِّجَالِ وَهُمْ غَيْرُ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْ مِنْ إبْدَاءِ الزِّينَةِ الْخَفِيَّةِ لَهُمْ لِعَدَمِ الشَّهْوَةِ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ فَأَنْ يُسْتَثْنَى بَعْضُ الْإِمَاءِ أَوْلَى وَأَحْرَى وَهُنَّ مَنْ كَانَتْ الشَّهْوَةُ وَالْفِتْنَةُ حَاصِلَةً بِتَرْكِ احْتِجَابِهَا وَإِبْدَاءِ زِينَتِهَا. وَكَمَا أَنَّ الْمَحَارِمَ أَبْنَاءُ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ وَنَحْوُهُ مِمَّنْ فِيهِ شَهْوَةٌ وَشَغَفٌ لَمْ يَجُزْ

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