Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (15/266)

Surah al-Hajj (The Pilgrimage)

The Shaykh—may Allah have mercy on him—also said:

Section

Surah al-Hajj contains Meccan and Medinan revelation, revealed by night and by day, during travel and residence, in winter and in summer. It encompasses the stages of the journey to Allah, leaving out neither a stage nor an obstacle that prevents one from reaching it.

It mentions the four kinds of hearts: the blind, the diseased, the hardened, and the humble heart that is alive and finds tranquility in Allah. Despite its brevity, it contains teachings on Allah’s oneness, rulings, and exhortations whose significance is clear to anyone who reflects upon them. It also mentions all obligatory and recommended deeds: affirming Allah’s oneness, prayer, zakah, Hajj, and fasting. All of these are encompassed by the words of Allah Most High:

“O you who believe, bow down, prostrate yourselves, worship your Lord, and do good, so that you may succeed.”

His words, “And do good,” include every obligatory and recommended deed. Thus, this verse mentions particular deeds and then gives a comprehensive command. He then says:

“And strive for Allah with the striving due to Him.”

This verse and what follows leave no good unmentioned and no evil unrejected.

سُورَةُ الْحَجِّ وَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: فَصْلٌ: سُورَةُ الْحَجِّ فِيهَا مَكِّيٌّ وَمَدَنِيٌّ وَلَيْلِيٌّ وَنَهَارِيٌّ وَسَفَرِيٌّ وَحَضَرِيٌّ وَشِتَائِيٌّ وَصَيْفِيٌّ؛ وَتَضَمَّنَتْ مَنَازِلَ الْمَسِيرِ إلَى اللَّهِ بِحَيْثُ لَا يَكُونُ مَنْزِلَةٌ وَلَا قَاطِعٌ يَقْطَعُ عَنْهَا. وَيُوجَدُ فِيهَا ذِكْرُ الْقُلُوبِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ: الْأَعْمَى وَالْمَرِيضُ وَالْقَاسِي وَالْمُخْبِتُ الْحَيُّ الْمُطْمَئِنُّ إلَى اللَّهِ. وَفِيهَا مِنْ التَّوْحِيدِ وَالْحُكْمِ وَالْمَوَاعِظِ عَلَى اخْتِصَارِهَا مَا هُوَ بَيِّنٌ لِمَنْ تَدَبَّرَهُ وَفِيهَا ذِكْرُ الْوَاجِبَاتِ والمستحبات كُلُّهَا تَوْحِيدًا وَصَلَاةً وَزَكَاةً وَحَجًّا وَصِيَامًا قَدْ تَضَمَّنَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ قَوْله تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ارْكَعُوا وَاسْجُدُوا وَاعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمْ وَافْعَلُوا الْخَيْرَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ} فَيَدْخُلُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَافْعَلُوا الْخَيْرَ} كُلُّ وَاجِبٍ وَمُسْتَحَبٍّ؛ فَخَصَّصَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَعَمَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: {وَجَاهِدُوا فِي اللَّهِ حَقَّ جِهَادِهِ} فَهَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَمَا بَعْدَهَا: لَمْ تَتْرُكْ خَيْرًا إلَّا جَمَعَتْهُ وَلَا شَرًّا إلَّا نَفَتْهُ.