perfection, soundness, pleasure, delight, joy, or happiness without this. We have also discussed the true nature of the straight path—the path of those whom Allah has blessed: the prophets, the steadfastly truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous—and other matters connected with this subject. Fully realizing it fulfills the purpose of the prophetic call and the divine message; it is the heart and essence of the Quran. We have also explained Allah’s oneness in knowledge and affirmation, mentioned in His words:

“Say, ‘He is Allah, the One.’”

“Allah, the Eternal Refuge.”

And His oneness in intention and action, mentioned in His words, Most High:

“Say, ‘O disbelievers.’”

We have also discussed related matters, for this explains the foundation, true nature, and purpose of calling to Allah. The intention in this answer, however, is to mention these matters in outline, as there is insufficient scope here to discuss them in detail.

Enjoining everything that Allah and His Messenger love—whether obligatory or recommended, inward or outward—is part of calling to Allah. Likewise, forbidding everything that Allah and His Messenger hate, whether inward or outward, is part of calling to Allah. Calling to Allah is not complete unless it includes calling people to do what Allah loves and abandon what He hates, whether this concerns words or deeds, inward or outward.

This includes believing what the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has conveyed concerning Allah’s names and attributes, the Hereafter, and the details of these matters, as well as what he has conveyed concerning all other created beings, such as the Throne, the Footstool, the angels, the prophets, their nations, and their enemies. It also includes devoting one’s religion sincerely to Allah alone; loving Allah and His Messenger more than anyone or anything else; placing one’s trust in Him; and hoping for His mercy,