as determined by the Arabic wording, although he does not understand it. Intention, purpose, and consent all depend on knowledge. A person cannot consent to what he does not know unless he would also consent to it with knowledge. Anyone who consents to becoming a disbeliever, losing his sanity, or having sexual immorality committed with him and his family does not understand the harm this entails for him. Rather, he is foolish, and no weight is given to his consent or permission. He still has a claim against whoever wronged him and did this to him, distinct from Allah’s right, although his claim is less than that of someone who objects and resists. For this reason, Joseph, peace be upon him, said:

“Indeed, he is my master, who has treated me well. Indeed, wrongdoers will not succeed.”

He means: “If I corrupt his wife, I would be a wrongdoer in any event. This is no way to repay his kindness to me.”

When people cooperate in sin and transgression, they come to hate one another, even if they acted by mutual consent. Tāwūs said:

“No two men ever come together for anything other than Allah’s sake without parting in mutual hatred.”

Abraham, Allah’s close friend, peace be upon him, said:

“You have taken idols besides Allah only as a bond of affection among yourselves in the life of this world. Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will disown one another and curse one another. Your refuge will be the Fire, and you will have no helpers.”

These people do not disown and curse one another merely because the other disobeyed Allah, but because of the harm each suffered through the other’s participation and assistance. The Most High said of the owners of the garden that had become like a barren wasteland:

“Then they turned to one another, blaming each other.”

That is, they reproached one another.

And He said:

“Close friends, on that Day,