and knows that the Lord is All-Knowing, Forbearing, Merciful and Just, and that His actions follow the principles of justice and kindness. Every blessing from Him is grace, and every punishment from Him is justice. In the two Sahīh collections, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“Allah’s right hand is full; no expenditure diminishes it, ever giving night and day. Have you considered how much He has spent since He created the heavens and the earth? It has not diminished what is in His right hand. In His other hand are the scales, which He lowers and raises.”

The falsity of the position of the Jahmiyyah also becomes clear: they regard reward and punishment as having no basis in wisdom or justice, or in putting things in their proper places. Thus they describe the Lord in terms that imply injustice and foolishness. Yet He, glorified be He, has borne witness:

“that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him—as have the angels and those endowed with knowledge—upholding justice. There is no deity worthy of worship except Him, the Almighty, the All-Wise.”

For this reason, they say: “We do not know what He will do with those who have committed evil deeds.” Indeed, they consider it possible that He might pardon them all, or punish them all. They also consider it possible that He might punish some and forgive others without weighing their deeds—even pardoning the worst of people while punishing the best for a minor sin and not forgiving it.

They also say that a sin is not erased, whether through repentance, good deeds that erase sins, or anything else. In this regard, they may make no distinction between minor and major sins.