His upholding of justice is coupled with the affirmation that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him. He mentions this while affirming that no one resembles Him in any aspect of His affairs. The Muʿtazilah, however, regard His justice as being like the justice of created beings: whatever is just on the part of created beings is just on the part of the Creator. They thereby equate the Creator with His creation, undermining the affirmation that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him.

According to the Jahmiyyah, anything that can possibly occur is just. His statement,

“Upholding justice,”

would therefore convey neither any meaningful point nor any praise. For if everything He has the power to do is just, the meaning would simply be that He carries out what He does—in other words, that He does what He does. This contains no praise, nor is it what is understood by His upholding justice. Rather, it means that He upholds justice, not injustice, despite His power to commit injustice. Yet He—glorified be He—is holy and exalted above wronging anyone, as He says:

“And your Lord wrongs no one.”

He has commanded His servants to be steadfast in upholding justice, and He says:

“Is He, then, who stands over every soul for what it has earned…?”

Thus He stands over each soul according to its own deeds, not the deeds of another. This is part of His upholding justice.

He also says:

“And We shall set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will be wronged in the least,”

and the rest of the verse.

Another aspect of His upholding justice and standing over every soul according to what it has earned is that He does not wrong anyone by even an atom’s weight, as He says:

“So whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it,”

and so on to the end.