Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He was also asked:

Regarding the Prophet’s saying (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), “The Quran was revealed in seven ahruf (forms),” what is meant by these seven? Do the readings attributed to Nāfi‘, ‘Āsim, and others represent the seven ahruf, or one of them? What caused the reciters to differ over readings accommodated by the script of the Quranic codex? Is it permissible to recite the noncanonical readings transmitted by al-A‘mash, Ibn Muhaysin, and others? If reciting them is permissible, is it also permissible to use them in prayer? Give us your ruling; may Allah reward you.

He answered:

All praise is due to Allah, Lord of all worlds. This is a “major question,” discussed by scholars of various disciplines: jurists, Quranic reciters, specialists in hadith, Quranic exegesis, speculative theology, and the explanation of unfamiliar vocabulary, among others. Indeed, entire works have been devoted to it. Among the most recent such works is that written by Shaykh Abū Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn Ismā‘īl ibn Ibrāhīm al-Shāfi‘ī, known as Abū Shāma, the author of the “Commentary on al-Shātibiyya.”

وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " {أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ} " مَا الْمُرَادُ بِهَذِهِ السَّبْعَةِ؟ وَهَلْ هَذِهِ الْقِرَاءَاتُ الْمَنْسُوبَةُ إلَى نَافِعٍ وَعَاصِمٍ وَغَيْرِهِمَا هِيَ الْأَحْرُفُ السَّبْعَةُ أَوْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهَا؟ وَمَا السَّبَبُ الَّذِي أَوْجَبَ الِاخْتِلَافَ بَيْنَ الْقُرَّاءِ فِيمَا احْتَمَلَهُ خَطُّ الْمُصْحَفِ؟ وَهَلْ تَجُوزُ الْقِرَاءَةُ بِرِوَايَةِ الْأَعْمَشِ وَابْنِ محيصن وَغَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ الْقِرَاءَاتِ الشَّاذَّةِ أَمْ لَا؟ وَإِذَا جَازَتْ الْقِرَاءَةُ بِهَا فَهَلْ تَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ بِهَا أَمْ لَا؟ أَفْتُونَا مَأْجُورِينَ. فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، هَذِهِ " مَسْأَلَةٌ كَبِيرَةٌ " قَدْ تَكَلَّمَ فِيهَا أَصْنَافُ الْعُلَمَاءِ مِنْ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَالْقُرَّاءِ وَأَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَالتَّفْسِيرِ وَالْكَلَامِ وَشَرْحِ الْغَرِيبِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ حَتَّى صُنِّفَ فِيهَا التَّصْنِيفُ الْمُفْرَدُ وَمِنْ آخِرِ مَا أُفْرِدَ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا صَنَّفَهُ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إبْرَاهِيمَ الشَّافِعِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِأَبِي شَامَةَ صَاحِبُ " شَرْحِ الشاطبية " .

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