that lowed. Did they not see that it could neither speak to them nor guide them to any way? They took it as a god and were wrongdoers.”

“When they were overcome with remorse and realised that they had gone astray, they said, ‘If our Lord does not have mercy on us and forgive us, we will surely be among the losers.’”

Up to His words:

“Indeed, those who took the calf as a god will incur anger from their Lord and humiliation in the life of this world. Thus do We recompense those who fabricate falsehood.”

Abū Qilābah said: “This applies to every fabricator until the Day of Resurrection: Allah will humiliate him.”

All the Jahmī negationists are fabricators, as Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: “Their doctrine leads only to a fabrication against Allah.” These people are among the greatest fabricators of falsehood against Allah. Those who say that the Creator’s existence is the very existence of creation fabricate an even greater falsehood than those who say that He indwells creation.

These people regard as ignorant anyone who professes indwelling or union—that is, that the Creator has united with creation. Such union can only occur when two things are distinct and then one unites with the other, as the Christians speak of the union of the divine nature with the human nature. This can only be said of a particular entity. In these people’s view, however, there is no existence other than His that could unite with His existence.

They are among the most self-contradictory of people. They say, “There is nothing other than Him, nothing besides Him.” The Sab‘īniyyah say, “There is nothing but Allah,” instead of the Muslims’ declaration, “There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah.” Then they say: