Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

an attribute of Allah, as in His words:

“He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth—all from Him.”

And His words concerning the Messiah:

“And a spirit from Him.”

The same applies to what subsists in entities, as in His words:

“Whatever blessing you have is from Allah.”

But when the noun governed by this preposition denotes an attribute, and no locus is mentioned for it, it is an attribute of Allah, as in His words:

“But the word from Me will come into effect.”

Likewise, He has stated in several places in the Quran that the Quran was sent down from Him and that Gabriel brought it down from Him, refuting this innovator and fabricator and others like him who say that it did not come down from Him. Allah Most High says:

“Shall I seek a judge other than Allah, when it is He who has sent down to you the Book explained in detail? Those to whom We gave the Scripture know that it has been sent down from your Lord in truth.”

And Allah Most High says:

“Say: The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth.”

The Holy Spirit is Gabriel, as He says in another verse:

“The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down upon your heart.”

And He says:

“Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel—it is he who has brought it down upon your heart by Allah’s permission.”

Here He says:

“The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord.”

He thus makes clear that Gabriel brought it down from Allah, not from air, a tablet, or anything else. The same applies to the other verses of the Quran, such as His words:

“The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Wise.”

And His words:

“Hā Mīm. The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Knowing.”

And His words:

“Hā Mīm. A revelation from the Most Merciful, the Especially Merciful.”

And His words:

“Alif Lām Mīm. The revelation of the Book, in which there is no doubt, is from the Lord of all worlds.”

And His words:

“O Messenger, convey what has been sent down to you from your Lord.”

يَكُنْ صِفَةً لِلَّهِ كَقَوْلِهِ: {وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِنْهُ} وَقَوْلِهِ فِي الْمَسِيح: {وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ} وَكَذَلِكَ مَا يَقُومُ بِالْأَعْيَانِ كَقَوْلِهِ: {وَمَا بِكُمْ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ} . وَأَمَّا إذَا كَانَ الْمَجْرُورُ بِهَا صِفَةً وَلَمْ يُذْكَرْ لَهَا مَحَلٌّ كَانَ صِفَةً لِلَّهِ كَقَوْلِهِ {وَلَكِنْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي} . وَكَذَلِكَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعٍ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ نُزِّلَ مِنْهُ وَأَنَّهُ نَزَلَ بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ مِنْهُ رَدًّا عَلَى هَذَا الْمُبْتَدِعِ الْمُفْتَرِي وَأَمْثَالِهِ مِمَّنْ يَقُولُ: إنَّهُ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ مِنْهُ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {أَفَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْتَغِي حَكَمًا وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ إلَيْكُمُ الْكِتَابَ مُفَصَّلًا وَالَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مُنَزَّلٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ} وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ} وَرُوحُ الْقُدُسِ هُوَ جِبْرِيلُ كَمَا قَالَ فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُخْرَى {نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ} {عَلَى قَلْبِكَ} وَقَالَ {مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَزَّلَهُ عَلَى قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ} وَقَالَ هُنَا {نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ} فَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ نَزَّلَهُ مِنْ اللَّهِ لَا مِنْ هَوَاءٍ وَلَا مِنْ لَوْحٍ وَلَا غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ وَكَذَلِكَ سَائِر آيَاتِ الْقُرْآنِ كَقَوْلِهِ: {تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ} وَقَوْلِهِ {حم} {تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ} وَقَوْلِهِ {حم} {تَنْزِيلٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} وَقَوْلِهِ {الم} {تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} وَقَوْلِهِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ} .

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