This therefore indicates that the verses expressed in a clear Arabic tongue were brought down in truth from Allah by the Holy Spirit, as He says in another verse:

“Then is it other than Allah I should seek as judge, when it is He who has sent down to you the Book explained in detail? Those to whom We have given the Scripture know that it has been sent down from your Lord in truth. So never be among the doubters.”

The Book sent down, explained in detail, is the Arabic Quran, as everyone agrees. He has stated that those to whom He gave the Scripture know that it was sent down from Allah in truth. Knowledge can only be true. Thus, He said, “they know,” not “they say,” for knowledge, unlike a statement, can only be true. Their knowledge is mentioned as supporting testimony.

He, glorified be He, distinguished between His revelation to those other than Moses and His speaking to Moses in His words:

“Indeed, We have revealed to you as We revealed to Noah,”

through to His words:

“an argument after the messengers.”

He, glorified be He, distinguished between His speaking to Moses and His revelation to others, and emphasized His speaking to Moses by using the corresponding verbal noun. He Most High also says:

“Those messengers—We favored some of them over others,”

through to His words:

“with the Holy Spirit.”

He Most High also says:

“It is not for any human being that Allah should speak to him except by revelation,”

through to the end of the surah.

He, glorified be He, has thus explained that Allah does not speak to any human being except in one of three ways: by revelation, from behind a veil, or by sending a messenger who reveals, by His permission, whatever He wills. He thus distinguished revelation from speaking, and it was from behind a veil that He spoke to Moses.