Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

As for “influence over created affairs,” an unbeliever, hypocrite, or evildoer may exert it upon himself or others—as occurs through corrupt spiritual states, the evil eye, and sorcery, and as with kings, tyrants placed in power, and oppressive rulers. Knowledge exclusive to the righteous is superior to knowledge shared by those who bring about good and those who spread corruption.

Third, knowledge of religion and acting upon it benefit a person in the Hereafter and do him no harm. Unveiling and influence, however, may bring him no benefit in the Hereafter; indeed, they may harm him, as Allah Most High says:

“If they had believed and feared Allah, the reward from Allah would have been better, if only they knew.”

Fourth, unveiling and influence either serve a useful purpose or they do not. If they serve no useful purpose—as when someone discovers people’s sins, rides wild beasts without any need, meets with jinn to no useful end, or walks on water when he could cross by a bridge—then they bring no benefit in this world or the Hereafter. They amount to idle amusement and play. Only someone who has not attained such things regards them as momentous.

Such things fall within the sphere of power and authority over created affairs. This is like someone who marvels at a king, at kings obeying an individual, or at the spiritual influence someone displays among people, even though it serves no useful purpose. He admires it for the power behind it, not for its benefit—such as wealth, leadership, or averting harm from an enemy or illness. Such benefits are generally attained far more often without extraordinary feats than through them. Only a little of them is attained through extraordinary feats, and they endure only through other means.

وَأَمَّا " التَّأْثِيرُ الْكَوْنِيُّ " فَقَدْ يَقَعُ مِنْ كَافِرٍ وَمُنَافِقٍ وَفَاجِرٍ تَأْثِيرُهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَفِي غَيْرِهِ كَالْأَحْوَالِ الْفَاسِدَةِ وَالْعَيْنِ وَالسِّحْرِ وَكَالْمُلُوكِ وَالْجَبَابِرَةِ الْمُسَلَّطِينَ وَالسَّلَاطِينِ الْجَبَابِرَةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ الْعِلْمِ مُخْتَصًّا بِالصَّالِحِينَ أَفْضَلُ مِمَّا يَشْتَرِكُ فِيهِ الْمُصْلِحُونَ وَالْمُفْسِدُونَ. الثَّالِثُ أَنَّ الْعِلْمَ بِالدِّينِ وَالْعَمَلِ بِهِ يَنْفَعُ صَاحِبَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَلَا يَضُرُّهُ. وَأَمَّا الْكَشْفُ وَالتَّأْثِيرُ فَقَدْ لَا يَنْفَعُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ بَلْ قَدْ يَضُرُّهُ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا وَاتَّقَوْا لَمَثُوبَةٌ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ} . الرَّابِعُ أَنَّ الْكَشْفَ وَالتَّأْثِيرَ إمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ فَائِدَةٌ أَوْ لَا يَكُونَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ فَائِدَةٌ؛ كَالِاطِّلَاعِ عَلَى سَيِّئَاتِ الْعِبَادِ وَرُكُوبِ السِّبَاعِ لِغَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ وَالِاجْتِمَاعِ بِالْجِنِّ لِغَيْرِ فَائِدَةٍ وَالْمَشْيِ عَلَى الْمَاءِ مَعَ إمْكَانِ الْعُبُورِ عَلَى الْجِسْرِ؛ فَهَذَا لَا مَنْفَعَةَ فِيهِ لَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْعَبَثِ وَاللَّعِبِ وَإِنَّمَا يَسْتَعْظِمُ هَذَا مَنْ لَمْ يَنَلْهُ. وَهُوَ تَحْتُ الْقُدْرَةِ وَالسُّلْطَانِ فِي الْكَوْنِ مِثْلُ مَنْ يَسْتَعْظِمُ الْمَلِكُ أَوْ طَاعَةَ الْمُلُوكِ لِشَخْصِ وَقِيَامِ الْحَالَةِ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ بِلَا فَائِدَةٍ فَهُوَ يَسْتَعْظِمُهُ مِنْ جِهَةِ سَبَبِهِ لَا مِنْ جِهَةِ مَنْفَعَتِهِ كَالْمَالِ وَالرِّيَاسَةِ وَدَفْعِ مَضَرَّةٍ كَالْعَدُوِّ وَالْمَرَضِ؛ فَهَذِهِ الْمَنْفَعَةُ تُنَالُ غَالِبًا بِغَيْرِ الْخَوَارِقِ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا تُنَالُ بِالْخَوَارِقِ وَلَا يَحْصُلُ بِالْخَوَارِقِ مِنْهَا إلَّا الْقَلِيلُ وَلَا تَدُومُ إلَّا بِأَسْبَابِ أُخْرَى.

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