can intercede with Him except by His permission?”

“There is none in the heavens and the earth but will come to the Most Merciful as a servant.”

“He has counted them and numbered them precisely.”

“And each of them will come to Him on the Day of Resurrection alone.”

Allah Most High also says:

“Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, fears Allah and is mindful of Him—it is they who will triumph.”

Thus, He enjoins obedience to Allah and the Messenger, while reserving reverent fear and mindfulness for Allah alone. Likewise, He says:

“If only they had been content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them and had said, ‘Allah is sufficient for us. Allah will give us of His bounty, and so will His Messenger. To Allah alone we turn in hope.’”

Giving is thus attributed to Allah and the Messenger, whereas reliance is upon Allah alone, and hope is directed to Allah alone.

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As for “bonds of brotherhood,” the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) established such bonds between the Emigrants and the Helpers when he arrived in Medina. He paired Salmān al-Fārisī with Abū al-Dardā’, and ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf with Sa‘d ibn al-Rabī‘. They used to inherit from one another by virtue of those bonds until Allah Most High revealed:

“But blood relatives have a greater claim upon one another in the Book of Allah.”

Thereafter, they inherited from one another on the basis of kinship.

Concerning this, Allah Most High revealed:

“And those with whom you have sworn a pact—give them their share.”

This is an alliance by covenant. Scholars differed over whether inheritance through such a bond, in the absence of kinship or ties of manumission, remains in force or has been abrogated. There are two views: