with bodily illness or the like, or in his wealth or honour, or is tested by an enemy who frightens him, he becomes deeply distressed and visibly panicked.

(The third category comprises people who possess a measure of patience but lack piety:

These include the wicked who patiently endure whatever befalls them in pursuing their desires, such as thieves and highway robbers who endure pain in their pursuit of forcibly seized property and unlawful gains. Likewise, scribes and administrative officials endure such hardships in pursuit of the money they acquire through breaches of trust and other means. Those seeking leadership and ascendancy over others similarly endure kinds of suffering that many people cannot bear.

Likewise, those enamoured of forbidden objects of desire, whether passionately infatuated or otherwise, endure various kinds of suffering and pain in pursuing the forbidden things they crave. These are the people who seek supremacy in the land or corruption: those seeking leadership and ascendancy over others, those seeking wealth through oppression and aggression, and those seeking pleasure from forbidden objects of desire, whether by looking, physical contact, or other means. They endure various hardships, but lack piety in neglecting what they have been commanded to do and committing what they have been forbidden to do.

Similarly, a man may patiently endure the calamities that befall him, such as illness, poverty, and other afflictions, yet show no piety when he has the power to act.