Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

“When I command you to do something, do as much of it as you can.”

Allah also says:

“Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity.”

Many believers—Allah’s pious allies—may not attain the perfection of knowledge and faith attained by the Companions. They fear Allah as much as they can and obey Him to the best of their efforts, yet inevitably make mistakes, whether in their knowledge and statements or in their deeds and spiritual states. They are rewarded for their obedience, and He forgives their errors. For Allah Most High says:

“The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and so have the believers. Each believes in Allah, His angels, His Books and His messengers: ‘We make no distinction between any of His messengers.’ They say, ‘We hear and we obey. Grant us Your forgiveness, our Lord; to You is the final return.’”

And later in the passage:

“Our Lord, do not hold us accountable if we forget or make a mistake.”

Allah Most High said: “I have granted this.”

Whoever considers the path of any scholar or jurist, or that of any devout worshipper or ascetic, superior to the path of the Companions is mistaken, misguided and an innovator. Likewise, whoever regards everyone who strives to obey Allah but errs in some matters as blameworthy, flawed and deserving of hatred is mistaken, misguided and an innovator.

In their love and hatred, allegiance and enmity, people also exercise their judgment, sometimes getting it right and sometimes getting it wrong. [Many people, when they learn something they love about a man, love him unreservedly and overlook his evil deeds; when they learn something they hate about him, they hate him unreservedly and overlook his good deeds. Muhāt? And the case of one who

{إذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرِ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ} وَقَالَ: {لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إلَّا وُسْعَهَا} . وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ - الْمُتَّقِينَ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ - قَدْ لَا يَحْصُلُ لَهُمْ مِنْ كَمَالِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْإِيمَانِ مَا حَصَلَ لِلصَّحَابَةِ فَيَتَّقِي اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ وَيُطِيعُهُ بِحَسَبِ اجْتِهَادِهِ فَلَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَصْدُرَ مِنْهُ خَطَأٌ إمَّا فِي عُلُومِهِ وَأَقْوَالِهِ وَإِمَّا فِي أَعْمَالِهِ وَأَحْوَالِهِ وَيُثَابُونَ عَلَى طَاعَتِهِمْ وَيَغْفِرُ لَهُمْ خَطَايَاهُمْ؛ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ: {آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ رُسُلِهِ وَقَالُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ} - إلَى قَوْلِهِ - {رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا} قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: قَدْ فَعَلْت. فَمَنْ جَعَلَ طَرِيقَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَالْفُقَهَاءِ أَوْ طَرِيقَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ الْعُبَّادِ وَالنُّسَّاكِ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الصَّحَابَةِ فَهُوَ مُخْطِئٌ ضَالٌّ مُبْتَدِعٌ وَمَنْ جَعَلَ كُلَّ مُجْتَهِدٍ فِي طَاعَةٍ أَخْطَأَ فِي بَعْضِ الْأُمُورِ مَذْمُومًا مَعِيبًا مَمْقُوتًا فَهُوَ مُخْطِئٌ ضَالٌّ مُبْتَدِعٌ. ثُمَّ النَّاسُ فِي الْحُبِّ وَالْبُغْضِ وَالْمُوَالَاةِ وَالْمُعَادَاةِ هُمْ أَيْضًا مُجْتَهِدُونَ يُصِيبُونَ تَارَةً وَيُخْطِئُونَ تَارَةً [وَكَثِيرٌ مِنْ النَّاسِ إذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ الرَّجُلِ مَا يُحِبُّهُ أَحَبَّ الرَّجُلَ مُطْلَقًا وَأَعْرَضَ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْهُ مَا يُبْغِضُهُ أَبْغَضَهُ مُطْلَقًا وَأَعْرَضَ عَنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ مُحَاطٌ؟ وَحَالُ مَنْ

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