Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Shaykh al-Islām—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

“Master al-Qushayrī reports in the chapter on contentment that Shaykh Abū Sulaymān said: ‘Contentment means not asking Allah for Paradise or seeking refuge from the Fire.’ Is this statement correct?”

He replied:

All praise is due to Allah, Lord of all worlds. This statement must be considered from two perspectives (*):

First, whether it is authentically attributed to the shaykh.

Second, whether the statement itself is sound or unsound.

As for the “first aspect,” it should be understood that Master Abū al-Qāsim did not report this statement from Shaykh Abū Sulaymān with a chain of transmission; rather, he attributed it to him without providing a chain. In his treatise, Abū al-Qāsim sometimes provides chains of transmission for what he reports from the Prophet, may Allah bless him, the Companions, the Successors, the shaykhs and others, and sometimes reports it without a chain. He also frequently says, “It has been said that…” As for what he reports with a chain of transmission, sometimes its chain is

(*) Shaykh Nāsir ibn Hamad al-Fahd stated (pp. 88–91): This passage is extracted from al-Istiqāma (2:65–141). I would like to draw attention to the following: 1 – At 10:682: “As al-Hasan said: ‘Contentment is an innate disposition, but patience is the believer’s mainstay.’” The correct reading is “Contentment is rare,” as the context makes clear. Ibn Rajab, may Allah have mercy on him, also quoted al-Hasan with this wording. Ibn Abī ‘Āsim narrated it from ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz as “Contentment is uncommon,” which has the same meaning. The editor of al-Istiqāma was uncertain about the correct reading. 2 – At 10:690: “An example is the account related about Sumnūn al-Muhibb, who used to say: ‘I have no share in anyone but You; so test me however You will.’ He was immediately afflicted with difficulty—that is, urinary retention. He would go around the elementary schools, distributing walnuts to the boys and saying: ‘Pray for your lying uncle.’” I say: This account appears here with this wording, and also at 10:241, where it says: “He was afflicted with difficulty urinating.” In al-Istiqāma (2:88), the wording is “He was afflicted with al-‘usr (difficulty).” The editor, may Allah have mercy on him, commented there that any reading other than al-usr (urinary retention) is a textual corruption. He quoted Lisān al-‘Arab: “Usira bawluhu asran: his urine was retained.” 3 – At 10:695: “Then they divided into two groups: one group denied that the believers would see their Lord, as held by the Jahmiyya among the Mu‘tazila and others.” An omission occurred because the copyist’s eye skipped ahead. The passage in al-Istiqāma (2:96) reads: “Then they divided into two groups: one group denied that [people would experience any bliss other than their enjoyment of these created things and the like. Then some of these denied that] the believers would see their Lord, as held by the Jahmiyya among the Mu‘tazila and others.” 4 – At 10:697: “They disagreed over the question of love, which underlies this matter. Some groups among [the compiler indicated that there is a blank here in the original] and the jurists held that Allah Himself is not loved; rather, love means loving obedience to Him and worshipping Him…” I say: In al-Istiqāma (2:100), this passage reads: “Some groups among [the speculative theologians] and the jurists held…” 5 – At 10:700: “In an authentic hadith, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘Allah says: I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no human heart has conceived, apart from what I have disclosed to them.’ Once it is understood that all this is included in Paradise, people in Paradise occupy different degrees.” I say: There is an omission between the end of the hadith and the words “Once it is understood that all this.” The text in al-Istiqāma (2:108–109) reads: “…and no human heart has conceived; bal lahu (‘rather, he has’) what I have disclosed to them. [Likewise, in the hadith narrated by Ibn ‘Umar, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, says: ‘The lowest-ranking inhabitant of Paradise is one who surveys his dominion extending over a thousand years’ journey, while the highest-ranking is one who gazes upon Allah’s Face morning and evening.’ And in the hadith narrated by Suhayb, he says: ‘When the inhabitants of Paradise enter Paradise, a caller will announce: “O inhabitants of Paradise, Allah has a promise to fulfil for you”’—the hadith continues—then he said: ‘He will lift the veil, and they will gaze upon Him.’ And other similar reports.] Once it is understood that all this and similar things are included in Paradise, people occupy different degrees
وَسُئِلَ شَيْخُ الْإِسْلَامِ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَمَّا ذَكَرَ الْأُسْتَاذُ القشيري فِي بَابِ الرِّضَا عَنْ الشَّيْخِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الرِّضَا أَلَّا يَسْأَلَ اللَّهَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يَسْتَعِيذَ مِنْ النَّارِ، فَهَلْ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ صَحِيحٌ؟؟. فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، الْكَلَامُ عَلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ (*) : أَحَدِهِمَا: مِنْ جِهَةِ ثُبُوتِهِ عَنْ الشَّيْخِ. وَالثَّانِي مِنْ جِهَةِ صِحَّتِهِ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَفَسَادِهِ. أَمَّا " الْمَقَامُ الْأَوَّلُ " فَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُعْلَمَ أَنَّ الْأُسْتَاذَ أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ هَذَا عَنْ الشَّيْخِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ بِإِسْنَادِ وَإِنَّمَا ذَكَرَهُ مُرْسَلًا عَنْهُ وَمَا يَذْكُرُهُ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ فِي رِسَالَتِهِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَالصَّحَابَةِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ وَالْمَشَايِخِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ. تَارَةً يَذْكُرُهُ بِإِسْنَادِ وَتَارَةً يَذْكُرُهُ مُرْسَلًا وَكَثِيرًا مَا يَقُولُ: وَقِيلَ كَذَا - ثُمَّ الَّذِي يَذْكُرُهُ بِإِسْنَادِ تَارَةً يَكُونُ إسْنَادُهُ
(*) قال الشيخ ناصر بن حمد الفهد (ص ٨٨ - ٩١): هذا الكلام مستل من كتاب الاستقامة (٢/ ٦٥ - ١٤١)، وأحب أن أنبه إلى ما يلي: ١ - في ١٠/ ٦٨٢: (كما قال الحسن: الرضا غريزة ولكن الصبر معول المؤمن). والصواب: (الرضا عزيز)، كما هو ظاهر السياق، وكما ذكره ابن رجب رحمه الله عن الحسن بهذا اللفظ، ورواه ابن أبي عاصم عن عمر بن عبد العزيز بلفظ (الرضا قليل)، وهو المعنى نفسه، وقد تردد محقق الاستقامة في الصواب. ٢ - في ١٠/ ٦٩٠: (ومثل هذا ما يذكرونه عن سمنون المحب أنه كان يقول: وليس لي في سواك حظ … فكيفما شئت فاختبرني فأخذه العسر من ساعته: أي حصر بوله؛ فكان يدور على المكاتب ويفرق الجوز على الصبيان ويقول: ادعوا لعمكم الكذاب). قلت: وردت هنا بلفظ، ووردت أيضاً في (١٠/ ٢٤١) نفس القصة وقال فيها: (فابتلي بعسر البول). وقد وردت في (الاستقامة) ٢/ ٨٨ بلفظ: (فأخذه العسر)، وعلق المحقق رحمه الله هناك بأن ما سوى (الأسر) تحريف، ونقل عن اللسان: وأسر بوله أسراً: احتبس. ٣ - وفي ١٠/ ٦٩٥: (ثم صاروا ضربين: (ضرب) أنكروا أن يكون المؤمنون يرون ربهم. كما ذهب إلى ذلك الجهمية من المعتزلة وغيرهم). وقد وقع سقط بسبب انتقال نظر الناسخ والعبارة كما يلي من (الاستقامة) ٢/ ٩٦: (ثم صاروا ضربين: (ضرب) انكروا ان يكون [للعباد نعيم غير تنعمهم بهذه الامور المخلوقة وأشباهها، ثم من هؤلاء من أنكر أن يكون] المؤمنون يرون ربهم. كما ذهب الى ذلك الجهمية من المعتزلة وغيرهم). ٤ - وفي ١٠/ ٦٩٧: (تنازعوا في (مسألة المحبة) التي هي أصل ذلك؛ فذهب طوائف من [وأشار الجامع إلى أن هنا بياضاً في الأصل] والفقهاء إلى أن الله لا يُحَبُّ نَفْسُهُ، وإنما المحبة محبة طاعته وعبادته. .) قلت: وهذه العبارة كما في (الاستقامة) ٢/ ١٠٠: (فذهب طوائف من [المتكلمين] والفقهاء). ٥ - وفي ١٠/ ٧٠٠: (وفي الحديث الصحيح عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "يقول الله أعددت لعبادي الصالحين ما لا عين رأت، ولا أذن سمعت، ولا خطر على قلب بشر بَلْهُ ما أطلعتهم عليه " وإذا علم أن جميع ذلك داخل في الجنة، فالناس في الجنة على درجات متفاوتة). قلت: بين نهاية الحديث وقوله: (وإذا علم أن جميع ذلك) سقط، والنص كما في (الاستقامة) ٢/ ١٠٨، ١٠٩: (. . . ولا خطر على قلب بشر بل له ما أطلعتهم عليه [وكذلك في قوله في حديث ابن عمر عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: " إن أدنى أهل الجنة منزلة من ينظر في ملكه من مسيرة ألف عام وان أعلاهم منزلة من ينظر الى وجه الله بكرة وعشيا "، وقوله في حديث صهيب: " إذا دخل أهل الجنة الجنة نادى مناد يا أهل الجنة ان لكم عند الله موعدا - الحديث - ثم قال: فيكشف الحجاب فينظرون إليه " وشبه ذلك] واذا علم ان جميع ذلك وامثاله داخل في الجنة فالناس على درجات متفاوته

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