Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

This is because a pure soul, softened by “spiritual discipline,” yet not drawn wholeheartedly to loving and worshipping Allah, nor possessed of a complete fear of Allah that turns it away from its desires, is overpowered whenever it falls under the sway of a physical form, just as a beast overpowers its prey. The beast seizes its prey by force, and the prey cannot resist it. Likewise, the beloved forms a person pictures in his heart swallow it up and overpower it, leaving it unable to resist. His heart remains absorbed in that form even more completely than prey is engulfed in a lion’s belly, for the beloved object of desire is the soul’s ultimate aim and wields an overwhelming power over it.

The “heart” is engulfed by whatever takes hold of it, whether something loved or something feared, as happens with the love of wealth, status and physical forms. Someone who fears another remains absorbed in him, heart and mind, just as a drowning person is engulfed in water. Just as he is inevitably overcome by the physical matter surrounding him, hearts are overcome by the things they imagine—things feared, loved or disliked. A person seeks what he loves and repels what he dislikes. Hope attaches to what is loved, and fear to what is disliked. None but Allah brings good, and none but Allah removes harm:

“If Allah afflicts you with harm, none can remove it but Him; and if He intends good for you, none can repel His bounty. He grants it to whomever He wills of His servants. And He is the All-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.”

“Whatever blessing you have is from Allah. Then, when harm touches you, it is to Him that you cry out.”

وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّفْسَ الصَّافِيَةَ الَّتِي فِيهَا رِقَّةُ " الرِّيَاضَةِ " وَلَمْ تَنْجَذِبْ إلَى مَحَبَّةِ اللَّهِ وَعِبَادَتِهِ انْجِذَابًا تَامًّا وَلَا قَامَ بِهَا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ التَّامَّةِ مَا يَصْرِفُهَا عَنْ هَوَاهَا مَتَى صَارَتْ تَحْتَ صُورَةٍ مِنْ الصُّوَرِ اسْتَوْلَتْ تِلْكَ الصُّورَةُ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا يَسْتَوْلِي السَّبُعُ عَلَى مَا يَفْتَرِسُهُ؛ فَالسُّبُعُ يَأْخُذُ فَرِيسَتَهُ بِالْقَهْرِ وَلَا تَقْدِرُ الْفَرِيسَةُ عَلَى الِامْتِنَاعِ مِنْهُ كَذَلِكَ مَا يُمَثِّلُهُ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِنْ الصُّوَرِ الْمَحْبُوبَةِ تَبْتَلِعُ قَلْبَهُ وَتَقْهَرَهُ فَلَا يَقْدِرُ قَلْبُهُ عَلَى الِامْتِنَاعِ مِنْهُ فَيَبْقَى قَلْبُهُ مُسْتَغْرِقًا فِي تِلْكَ الصُّورَةِ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ اسْتِغْرَاقِ الْفَرِيسَةِ فِي جَوْفِ الْأَسَدِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمَحْبُوبَ الْمُرَادَ هُوَ غَايَةُ النَّفْسِ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا سُلْطَانٌ قَاهِرٌ. وَ " الْقَلْبُ " يَغْرَقُ فِيمَا يَسْتَوْلِي عَلَيْهِ: إمَّا مِنْ مَحْبُوبٍ وَإِمَّا مِنْ مَخُوفٍ كَمَا يُوجَدُ مِنْ مَحَبَّةِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَاهِ وَالصُّوَرِ، وَالْخَائِفُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ يَبْقَى قَلْبُهُ وَعَقْلُهُ مُسْتَغْرِقًا فِيهِ كَمَا يَغْرَقُ الْغَرِيقُ فِي الْمَاءِ فَلَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَسْتَوْلِيَ عَلَيْهَا مَا يُحِيطُ بِهَا مِنْ الْأَجْسَامِ وَالْقُلُوبِ يَسْتَوْلِي عَلَيْهَا مَا يَتَمَثَّلُ لَهَا مِنْ الْمَخَاوِفِ وَالْمَحْبُوبَاتِ وَالْمَكْرُوهَاتِ فَالْمَحْبُوبُ يَطْلُبُهُ وَالْمَكْرُوهُ يَدْفَعُهُ وَالرَّجَاءُ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْمَحْبُوبِ، وَالْخَوْفُ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْمَكْرُوهِ وَلَا يَأْتِي بِالْحَسَنَاتِ إلَّا اللَّهُ وَلَا يُذْهِبُ السَّيِّئَاتِ إلَّا اللَّهُ {وَإِنْ يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهُ إلَّا هُوَ وَإِنْ يُرِدْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَلَا رَادَّ لِفَضْلِهِ يُصِيبُ بِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَهُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ} . {وَمَا بِكُمْ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْأَرُونَ} .

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