I have set out this “principle” only so that the early generations’ and scholars’ condemnation of a thing may be understood in its proper context, and so that it may be recognized that departure from the full realization of succession to prophethood, as prescribed by the revealed law, sometimes results from negligence in omitting good in knowledge and action, and sometimes from transgression in committing evil in knowledge and action. Either may occur because a person is overwhelmed, or despite having the ability to act otherwise. The “former” may result from inability and limited capacity, or occur despite having the ability and opportunity. The “latter” may occur under conditions of need and necessity, or despite having sufficient means and ample alternatives.

Both the person unable to attain the full measure of good and the person compelled by necessity to commit some evil are excused, for Allah says:

“So fear Allah as much as you are able.”

And He says:

“Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity”—in al-Baqarah and al-Talāq (1).

And He says:

“But those who believe and do righteous deeds—We do not burden any soul beyond its capacity—those are the people of Paradise; they will abide therein forever.”

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“When I command you to do something, do as much of it as you can.”

And He, glorified be He, says:

“He has placed no hardship upon you in religion.”

And He says:

“Allah does not intend to place you in hardship.”

And He says:

“Allah intends ease for you and does not intend hardship for you.”

And He says:

“But whoever is compelled by necessity, neither desiring it nor exceeding the limit, incurs no sin.”

And He says:

“There is no blame upon you for what you do by mistake.”