about either of them; nor between truth as an objective to be sought, which should be embraced, and falsehood, which should be avoided. Rather, they seek whichever of the two they desire and can attain.

The surest truth as an existing reality is what Allah has declared to exist; and the report concerning truth as an objective to be sought is what Allah has commanded. Alternatively, you may say: the most truthful report concerning existing reality is Allah’s report, and the best command concerning truth as an objective to be sought is Allah’s command. Faith encompasses these two foundations: believing what He has reported and obeying what He has commanded.

When the two are mentioned together, it is said:

“Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds.”

Deeds are better than words, as al-Hasan al-Basrī said:

“Faith is neither wishful thinking nor outward adornment; rather, it is what becomes firmly established in the heart and is confirmed by deeds.”