Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (10/266)

Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

And the Exalted said:

“They took their rabbis and monks as lords besides Allah, as well as the Messiah, son of Mary, although they were commanded only to worship one God. There is no deity worthy of worship except Him. Glory be to Him, far above what they associate with Him!”

‘Adī ibn Hātim said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “They did not worship them.” He replied, “They declared forbidden things lawful for them, and they obeyed them; they declared lawful things forbidden to them, and they obeyed them. That was their worship of them.”

The Exalted said:

“Or do they have partners who have prescribed for them a religion that Allah has not authorized?”

And the Exalted said:

“On the Day when the wrongdoer bites his hands, saying, ‘If only I had taken a path with the Messenger! Woe to me! If only I had not taken so-and-so as a close friend! He led me away from the Reminder after it had come to me.’ And Satan ever forsakes man.”

Obedience to the Messenger is obligatory, for whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah. What is lawful is what he has declared lawful; what is forbidden is what he has forbidden; and religion is what he has prescribed. As for anyone other than the Messenger—scholars, religious teachers, rulers, and kings—obedience to them is obligatory only when obeying them constitutes obedience to Allah. When Allah and His Messenger command obedience to them, obeying them falls within obedience to the Messenger. The Exalted said:

“O you who believe, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you.”

He did not say, “And obey the Messenger and obey those in authority among you.” Rather, He made obedience to those in authority part of obedience to the Messenger, and obedience to the Messenger obedience to Allah. He repeated the verb “obey” with respect to the Messenger, but not with respect to those in authority, for whoever obeys the Messenger

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إلَهًا وَاحِدًا لَا إلَهَ إلَّا هُوَ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ} وَقَدْ قَالَ {عَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا عَبَدُوهُمْ قَالَ: أَحَلُّوا لَهُمْ الْحَرَامَ فَأَطَاعُوهُمْ وَحَرَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ الْحَلَالَ فَأَطَاعُوهُمْ فَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ عِبَادَتَهُمْ إيَّاهُمْ} قَالَ تَعَالَى: {أَمْ لَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ شَرَعُوا لَهُمْ مِنَ الدِّينِ مَا لَمْ يَأْذَنْ بِهِ اللَّهُ} وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا} {يَا وَيْلَتَى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلَانًا خَلِيلًا} {لَقَدْ أَضَلَّنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إذْ جَاءَنِي وَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ خَذُولًا} . فَالرَّسُولُ وَجَبَتْ طَاعَتُهُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مَنْ يُطِعْ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ فَالْحَلَالُ مَا حَلَّلَهُ وَالْحَرَامُ مَا حَرَّمَهُ وَالدِّينُ مَا شَرَعَهُ وَمَنْ سِوَى الرَّسُولِ مِنْ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَالْمَشَايِخِ وَالْأُمَرَاءِ وَالْمُلُوكِ إنَّمَا تَجِبُ طَاعَتُهُمْ إذَا كَانَتْ طَاعَتُهُمْ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَهُمْ إذَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ فَطَاعَتُهُمْ دَاخِلَةٌ فِي طَاعَةِ الرَّسُولِ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ} . فَلَمْ يَقُلْ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأَطِيعُوا أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ؛ بَلْ جَعَلَ طَاعَةَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ دَاخِلَةً فِي طَاعَةِ الرَّسُولِ؛ وَطَاعَةَ الرَّسُولِ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَأَعَادَ الْفِعْلَ فِي طَاعَةِ الرَّسُولِ دُونَ طَاعَةِ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يُطِعْ الرَّسُولَ