Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

two contradictory assertions—they do not do so. Thus, these people are in a worse condition than the Tatars and their like. This is why they have no good final outcome: they are not God-fearing people who distinguish between what is commanded and what is forbidden, or between truth and falsehood. The good final outcome belongs only to the God-fearing. Each of them maintains his position only insofar as he possesses power. It is well known that his power does not last; rather, he uses it to perform deeds that bring about his ruin.

There is no doubt that these people fall under the words of Allah Most High:

“Those who disbelieve and turn others away from the way of Allah—He has rendered their deeds worthless.”

And His words:

“That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood.”

And His words:

“As for those who disbelieve, their deeds are like a mirage in a lowland which a thirsty person thinks is water, until, when he reaches it, he finds nothing there, but finds Allah there, who settles his account in full.”

And His words:

“The deeds of those who disbelieve in their Lord are like ashes scattered by a fierce wind on a stormy day. They can gain nothing from what they have earned.”

And His words:

“Deaf, dumb and blind, they do not understand.”

And His words:

“We have certainly created for Hell many of the jinn and mankind. They have hearts with which they do not understand, eyes with which they do not see, and ears with which they do not hear. They are like cattle; rather, they are even further astray.”

[There is no doubt that truth is of two kinds: truth as an existing reality, to which truthful reports relate; and truth as an objective to be sought, to which wise commands and righteous deeds relate. The opposite of truth is falsehood. Falsehood in the second sense is illustrated by the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“Every amusement in which a man engages is futile, except shooting with his bow, training his horse, and playing with his wife, for these are worthwhile.”

When an existing reality is reported contrary to what it is, the report is a lie.] (*)

These people do not distinguish between truth and falsehood: between the existing reality that should be believed and the nonexistent falsehood that should be denied in reports

(*) Shaykh Nāsir ibn Hamad al-Fahd states (p. 22): His words here, “Falsehood in the second sense is illustrated by the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace…,” indicate an omission, since no prior mention was made of “falsehood in the first sense.” The omitted passage explains the two kinds of falsehood. These are indicated by his discussion at 2/415, where he says: “Bātil (falsehood or futility) is the opposite of haqq (truth or right), and Allah is the Manifest Truth. Haqq has two meanings: first, established existence (1); second, a beneficial end to be sought, as in the Prophet’s saying, ‘Witr (the odd-numbered prayer) is haqq.’ “Bātil likewise has two kinds: First: that which does not exist. If something does not exist, believing that it exists and reporting its existence are false, because belief and report depend upon their object: their truth or falsity follows its reality or unreality. Thus, when the object believed in and reported is unreal, the belief and report are likewise false. This constitutes untruth. “Second: that which is neither beneficial nor useful (2), as in His words, Most High, ‘We did not create heaven and earth and all that lies between them in vain’; and the Prophet’s saying, ‘Every amusement in which a man engages is futile, except shooting with his bow, training his horse, and playing with his wife, for these are worthwhile’; and his saying about ʿUmar, ‘This is a man who does not like futile amusement.’ As for that which has no benefit, commanding it is futile, and intending and doing it are futile; for doing it, pursuing it, and commanding it are futile.” (1) Perhaps the intended reading is al-mawjūd (“that which exists”). (2) This is what he refers to here, at 2/201, in his words, “Falsehood in the second sense.”
بَيْنَ النَّقِيضَيْنِ فَلَا فَهَؤُلَاءِ شَرُّ حَالًا مِنْ مِثْلِ التَّتَارِ وَلِهَذَا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ عَاقِبَةٌ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا مُتَّقِينَ يُمَيِّزُونَ بَيْنَ مَأْمُورٍ وَمَحْظُورٍ وَصِدْقٍ وَكَذِبٍ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ إنَّمَا هِيَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ وَإِنَّمَا قِيَامُ أَحَدِهِمْ: بِقَدْرِ مَا يَكُونُ قَادِرًا. وَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّ قُدْرَةَ أَحَدِهِمْ لَا تَدُومُ بَلْ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا مِنْ الْأَعْمَالِ مَا يَكُونُ سَبَبَ الْوَبَالِ؛ وَلَا رَيْبَ أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ مُنْدَرِجُونَ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَضَلَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ} وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: {ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا اتَّبَعُوا الْبَاطِلَ} وَقَوْلِهِ: {وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَعْمَالُهُمْ كَسَرَابٍ بِقِيعَةٍ يَحْسَبُهُ الظَّمْآنُ مَاءً حَتَّى إذَا جَاءَهُ لَمْ يَجِدْهُ شَيْئًا وَوَجَدَ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ فَوَفَّاهُ حِسَابَهُ} وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: {مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ كَرَمَادٍ اشْتَدَّتْ بِهِ الرِّيحُ فِي يَوْمٍ عَاصِفٍ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا عَلَى شَيْءٍ} وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: {صُمٌّ بُكْمٌ عُمْيٌ فَهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ} . وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَلَقَدْ ذَرَأْنَا لِجَهَنَّمَ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ لَهُمْ قُلُوبٌ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمْ أَعْيُنٌ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمْ آذَانٌ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِهَا أُولَئِكَ كَالْأَنْعَامِ بَلْ هُمْ أَضَلُّ} . [وَلَا رَيْبَ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ نَوْعَانِ: حَقٌّ مَوْجُودٌ وَبِهِ يَتَعَلَّقُ الْخَبَرُ الصَّادِقُ وَحَقٌّ مَقْصُودٌ: وَبِهِ يَتَعَلَّقُ الْأَمْرُ الْحَكِيمُ وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ وَضِدُّ الْحَقِّ: الْبَاطِلُ وَمِنْ الْبَاطِلِ الثَّانِي قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {كُلُّ لَهْوٍ يَلْهُو الرَّجُلُ بِهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ إلَّا رَمْيَهُ بِقَوْسِهِ وَتَأْدِيبَهُ فَرَسَهُ وَمُلَاعَبَتَهُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِنَّهُنَّ مِنْ الْحَقِّ} وَالْحَقُّ الْمَوْجُودُ إذَا أُخْبِرَ عَنْهُ بِخِلَافِهِ كَانَ كَذِبًا] (*) وَهَؤُلَاءِ لَا يُمَيِّزُونَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَالْبَاطِلِ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ الْمَوْجُودِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي اعْتِقَادُهُ وَالْبَاطِلِ الْمَعْدُومِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي نَفْيُهُ فِي الْخَبَرِ
(*) قال الشيخ ناصر بن حمد الفهد (ص ٢٢): قوله هنا: (ومن الباطل الثاني قول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم. . .) يدل على وجود سقط، إذ لم يتقدم ذكر للـ (الباطل الأول)، وهذا السقط هو ذكر نوعي الباطل، ويدل على هذين النوعين ما ذكره في ٢/ ٤١٥ حيث قال هناك: (فَإِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ ضِدُّ الْحَقِّ؛ وَاَللَّهُ هُوَ الْحَقُّ الْمُبِينُ. وَالْحَقُّ لَهُ مَعْنَيَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا: الْوُجُودُ (١) الثَّابِتُ وَالثَّانِي: الْمَقْصُودُ النَّافِعُ كَقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ {: الْوِتْرُ حَقٌّ}. وَالْبَاطِلُ نَوْعَانِ أَيْضًا: أَحَدُهُمَا: الْمَعْدُومُ. وَإِذَا كَانَ مَعْدُومًا كَانَ اعْتِقَادُ وُجُودَهُ وَالْخَبَرُ عَنْ وُجُودِهِ بَاطِلًا؛ لِأَنَّ الِاعْتِقَادَ وَالْخَبَرَ تَابِعٌ لِلْمُعْتَقَدِ الْمُخْبَرِ عَنْهُ يَصِحُّ بِصِحَّتِهِ وَيَبْطُلُ بِبُطْلَانِهِ؛ فَإِذَا كَانَ الْمُعْتَقَدُ الْمُخْبَرُ عَنْهُ بَاطِلًا كَانَ الِاعْتِقَادُ وَالْخَبَرُ كَذَلِكَ؛ وَهُوَ الْكَذِبُ. الثَّانِي: مَا لَيْسَ بِنَافِعِ وَلَا مُفِيدٍ (٢). كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَاءَ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا بَاطِلًا} وَكَقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ {: كُلُّ لَهْوٍ يَلْهُو بِهِ الرَّجُلُ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ إلَّا رَمْيَهُ بِقَوْسِهِ وَتَأْدِيبَهُ فَرَسَهُ وَمُلَاعَبَتَهُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِنَّهُنَّ مِنْ الْحَقِّ} {وَقَوْلِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ: إنَّ هَذَا رَجُلٌ لَا يُحِبُّ الْبَاطِلَ} وَمَا لَا مَنْفَعَةَ فِيهِ: فَالْأَمْرُ بِهِ بَاطِلٌ وَقَصْدُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ بَاطِلٌ؛ إذْ الْعَمَلُ بِهِ وَالْقَصْدُ إلَيْهِ وَالْأَمْرُ بِهِ بَاطِلٌ) (١) لعله (الموجود). (٢) وهذا الذي أشار إليه هنا في قوله ٢/ ٢٠١: (ومن الباطل الثاني)

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