Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (10/217)

Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

is other than Him, it will instead associate partners with Him. The Most High said:

“So set your face towards the religion, inclining to truth—the natural disposition Allah has instilled in mankind. There is no altering Allah’s creation. That is the upright religion, but most people do not know.”

Up to His words:

“Each faction rejoicing in what it has.”

Allah, glorified is He, made Abraham and the family of Abraham leaders of these sincere monotheists, who love Allah, worship Him and devote their religion sincerely to Him. Likewise, He made Pharaoh and the people of Pharaoh leaders of those who associate partners with Allah and follow their own desires.

The Most High said concerning Abraham:

“And We granted him Isaac, and Jacob as an additional gift, and made them all righteous.”

“And We made them leaders, guiding by Our command, and inspired them to do good deeds, establish prayer and give zakah. And they worshipped Us alone.”

He said concerning Pharaoh and his people:

“And We made them leaders inviting to the Fire, and on the Day of Resurrection they will not be helped.”

“And We caused a curse to follow them in this world, and on the Day of Resurrection they will be among the despised.”

Thus, the followers of Pharaoh first come to make no distinction between what Allah loves and approves of and what He has decreed and ordained. Rather, they consider only His unrestricted, all-encompassing will. Eventually, they cease to distinguish between the Creator and creation, regarding the existence of the one as the very existence of the other. [Their leading exponents say: “In the revealed Law there is obedience and disobedience, while in spiritual reality there is disobedience without obedience”]; at the level of realization, there is neither obedience nor disobedience. This is the full realization of the doctrine of Pharaoh and his people, who denied the Creator, denied that He spoke to His servant Moses, and denied the commands and prohibitions with which He sent him.

Shaykh Nāsir ibn Hamad al-Fahd said (p. 81): The wording has been reversed, perhaps by the copyists. The correct wording is: “And in haqīqa (reality), there is obedience without disobedience.” This is what they are known to maintain. The Shaykh, may Allah have mercy on him, mentioned this elsewhere, as in his statement (11/244): “They distinguish three ranks, saying: ‘The servant first witnesses obedience and disobedience, then obedience without disobedience, then neither obedience nor disobedience.’”

سِوَاهُ وَإِلَّا كَانَ مُشْرِكًا. قَالَ تَعَالَى: {فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا فِطْرَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ} إلَى قَوْلِهِ: {كُلُّ حِزْبٍ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِحُونَ} وَقَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ إبْرَاهِيمَ وَآلَ إبْرَاهِيمَ أَئِمَّةً لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْحُنَفَاءِ الْمُخْلِصِينَ أَهْلِ مَحَبَّةِ اللَّهِ وَعِبَادَتِهِ وَإِخْلَاصِ الدِّينِ لَهُ؛ كَمَا جَعَلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَآلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَئِمَّةَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ الْمُتَّبِعِينَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ. قَالَ تَعَالَى فِي إبْرَاهِيمَ: {وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ} {وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ وَكَانُوا لَنَا عَابِدِينَ} وَقَالَ فِي فِرْعَوْنَ وَقَوْمِهِ: {وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَدْعُونَ إلَى النَّارِ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يُنْصَرُونَ} {وَأَتْبَعْنَاهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا لَعْنَةً وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ هُمْ مِنَ الْمَقْبُوحِينَ} وَلِهَذَا يَصِيرُ أَتْبَاعُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَوَّلًا إلَى أَنْ لَا يُمَيِّزُوا بَيْنَ مَا يُحِبُّهُ اللَّهُ وَيَرْضَاهُ. وَبَيْنَ مَا قَدَّرَ اللَّهُ وَقَضَاهُ؛ بَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إلَى الْمَشِيئَةِ الْمُطْلَقَةِ الشَّامِلَةِ. ثُمَّ فِي آخِرِ الْأَمْرِ لَا يُمَيِّزُونَ بَيْنَ الْخَالِقِ وَالْمَخْلُوقِ بَلْ يَجْعَلُونَ وُجُودَ هَذَا وُجُودَ هَذَا [وَيَقُولُ مُحَقِّقُوهُمْ الشَّرِيعَةُ فِيهَا طَاعَةٌ وَمَعْصِيَةٌ. وَالْحَقِيقَةُ فِيهَا مَعْصِيَةٌ بِلَا طَاعَةٍ] ؛ وَالتَّحْقِيقُ لَيْسَ فِيهِ طَاعَةٌ وَلَا مَعْصِيَةٌ وَهَذَا تَحْقِيقُ مَذْهَبِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَقَوْمِهِ الَّذِينَ أَنْكَرُوا الْخَالِقَ وَأَنْكَرُوا تَكْلِيمَهُ لِعَبْدِهِ مُوسَى وَمَا أَرْسَلَهُ بِهِ مِنْ الْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ.

قال الشيخ ناصر بن حمد الفهد (ص ٨١): وقد حصل قلب في العبارة لعله من النساخ، وصوابه: (والحقيقة فيها طاعة بلا معصية)، وهذا هو المعروف عنهم، وقد ذكره الشيخ رحمه الله في غير هذا الموضع، كقوله (١١/ ٢٤٤): (ويجعلون المراتب ثلاثة، يقولون: العبد يشهد أولا طاعة ومعصية، ثم طاعة بلا معصية، ثم لا طاعة ولا معصية).