Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

this, he too loves that things should be created for that wise purpose, and he wills and loves them just as the Truth does. Although he hates disbelief, defiance, and disobedience, whatever Allah has created of these, He has created for a wise purpose and by His will. Thus, it is willed and loved in view of its ultimate purpose, not in itself.

The answer is:

Whoever witnesses this regards as good what Allah deems good, loves, and approves of, and regards as reprehensible what Allah hates and is displeased with. Yet if Allah has created this hated thing for a wise purpose that He loves, the one who knows Allah likewise hates and detests it, just as Allah hates it, while loving the wise purpose for which it was created. His love and knowledge thus accord with Allah’s knowledge and love rather than opposing them.

Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. He knows things as they truly are, and He is wise in what He loves, wills, and says, and in what He commands and does. If He knows that a particular action or thing possesses qualities for which it is blameworthy and deserves hatred and aversion, then it is part of His wisdom to detest and hate it. If He knows that its existence brings about a beloved and praiseworthy wise purpose, then it is part of His wisdom to create and will it for the sake of that beloved wise purpose, which is a means to bringing it about.

If it is said that this “intermediary” is loved insofar as it is a means to something loved for its own sake, and hated insofar as it possesses blameworthy qualities, this is sound. It is just as you might say that a person may hate medicine in one respect and love it in another. Likewise, many things are loved in one respect and hated in another.

هَذَا أَحَبَّ أَيْضًا أَنْ يُخْلَقَ لِتِلْكَ الْحِكْمَةِ وَتَكُونُ الْأَشْيَاءُ مُرَادَةً مَحْبُوبَةً لَهُ كَمَا هِيَ لِلْحَقِّ؛ فَهُوَ وَإِنْ كَرِهَ الْكُفْرَ وَالْفُسُوقَ وَالْعِصْيَانَ لَكِنْ مَا خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ خَلَقَهُ لِحِكْمَةِ وَإِرَادَةٍ فَهُوَ مُرَادٌ مَحْبُوبٌ بِاعْتِبَارِ غَايَتِهِ لَا بِاعْتِبَارِهِ فِي نَفْسِهِ. قِيلَ: مَنْ شَهِدَ هَذَا الْمَشْهَدَ فَهُوَ يَسْتَحْسِنُ مَا حَسَّنَهُ اللَّهُ وَأَحَبَّهُ وَرَضِيَهُ؛ وَيَسْتَقْبِحُ مَا كَرِهَهُ اللَّهُ، وَسَخِطَهُ وَلَكِنْ إذَا كَانَ اللَّهُ خَلَقَ هَذَا الْمَكْرُوهَ لِحِكْمَةِ يُحِبُّهَا؛ فَالْعَارِفُ هُوَ أَيْضًا يَكْرَهُهُ وَيُبْغِضُهُ كَمَا كَرِهَهُ اللَّهُ؛ وَلَكِنْ يُحِبُّ الْحِكْمَةَ الَّتِي خُلِقَ لِأَجْلِهَا فَيَكُونُ حُبُّهُ وَعِلْمُهُ مُوَافِقًا لِعِلْمِ اللَّهِ وَحُبِّهِ لَا مُخَالِفًا. وَاَللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ؛ فَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ الْأَشْيَاءَ عَلَى مَا هِيَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ حَكِيمٌ فِيمَا يُحِبُّهُ وَيُرِيدُهُ وَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ وَمَا يَأْمُرُ بِهِ وَيَفْعَلُهُ. فَإِنْ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْفِعْلَ الْفُلَانِيَّ وَالشَّيْءَ الْفُلَانِيَّ مُتَّصِفٌ بِمَا هُوَ مَذْمُومٌ لِأَجْلِهِ مُسْتَحِقٌّ لِلْبُغْضِ وَالْكَرَاهَةِ كَانَ مِنْ حِكْمَتِهِ أَنْ يُبْغِضَهُ وَيَكْرَهَهُ؛ وَإِذَا كَانَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِي وُجُودِهِ حُصُولَ حِكْمَةٍ مَحْبُوبَةٍ مَحْمُودَةٍ كَانَ مِنْ حِكْمَتِهِ أَنَّهُ يَخْلُقُهُ وَيُرِيدُهُ لِأَجْلِ تِلْكَ الْحِكْمَةِ الْمَحْبُوبَةِ الَّتِي هِيَ وَسِيلَةٌ إلَى حُصُولِهِ. وَإِذَا قِيلَ: إنَّ هَذَا " الْوَسَطَ " يُحَبُّ بِاعْتِبَارِ أَنَّهُ وَسِيلَةٌ إلَى مَحْبُوبٍ لِذَاتِهِ، وَيُبْغَضُ بِاعْتِبَارِ مَا اتَّصَفَ بِهِ مِنْ الصِّفَاتِ الْمَذْمُومَةِ كَانَ هَذَا حَسَنًا كَمَا تَقُولُ إنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ قَدْ يُبْغِضُ الدَّوَاءَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ وَيُحِبُّهُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ وَكَذَلِكَ أُمُورٌ كَثِيرَةٌ تُحَبُّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ وَتُبْغَضُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ.

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