Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

evil deeds; and that Allah does not will to forgive him:

“Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating partners with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills.”

Likewise, the promise must be explained and clarified. Whoever says with his tongue, “There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah,” yet rejects the Messenger is a disbeliever by the consensus of the Muslims. The same applies if he denies anything Allah has revealed. It is therefore essential to believe in everything the Messenger brought. If a person commits major sins, his fate rests with Allah: if He wills, He punishes him, and if He wills, He forgives him. If he apostatizes from Islam and dies an apostate, he will be in the Fire.

Repentance wipes out evil deeds, while apostasy nullifies good deeds. Whoever has both good and evil deeds will not be wronged by Allah. Rather, whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it. Allah Most High may bestow His bounty and kindness upon him through His forgiveness and mercy. Whoever dies with faith will not remain in the Fire forever. Thus, those who commit unlawful sexual intercourse or theft will not remain in the Fire forever; rather, they will surely enter Paradise. For whoever has an atom’s weight of faith in his heart will be brought out of the Fire.

Those about whom the question was asked are called the polytheistic, antinomian Qadariyyah. More reports condemning them have been transmitted than can be accommodated here. Allah—glorified and exalted be He—knows best. May Allah bless our master Muhammad, his family, and his Companions, and grant them peace. Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.

السَّيِّئَاتِ وَبِأَلَّا يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُ {إنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ} . فَهَكَذَا الْوَعْدُ لَهُ تَفْسِيرٌ وَبَيَانٌ. فَمَنْ قَالَ بِلِسَانِهِ: لَا إلَهَ إلَّا اللَّهُ وَكَذَّبَ الرَّسُولَ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ بِاتِّفَاقِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَكَذَلِكَ إنْ جَحَدَ شَيْئًا مِمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ. فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ الْإِيمَانِ بِكُلِّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ الرَّسُولُ ثُمَّ إنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَأَمْرُهُ إلَى اللَّهِ إنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ؛ فَإِنْ ارْتَدَّ عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَاتَ مُرْتَدًّا كَانَ فِي النَّارِ فَالسَّيِّئَاتُ تُحْبِطُهَا التَّوْبَةُ وَالْحَسَنَاتُ تُحْبِطُهَا الرِّدَّةُ وَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ حَسَنَاتٌ وَسَيِّئَاتٌ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُهُ بَلْ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ. وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَدْ يَتَفَضَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُحْسِنُ إلَيْهِ بِمَغْفِرَتِهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ. وَمَنْ مَاتَ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُخَلَّدُ فِي النَّارِ. فَالزَّانِي وَالسَّارِقُ لَا يُخَلَّدُ فِي النَّارِ بَلْ لَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ. فَإِنَّ النَّارَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ إيمَانٍ وَهَؤُلَاءِ الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهُمْ يُسَمَّوْنَ: الْقَدَرِيَّةَ المباحية الْمُشْرِكِينَ. وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِي ذَمِّهِمْ مِنْ الْآثَارِ مَا يَضِيقُ عَنْهُ هَذَا الْمَكَانُ وَاَللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَحَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ.

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