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Another example is “wronging oneself.” When used without qualification, this expression encompasses all sins, for through them a servant wrongs himself. Allah Most High says:

“That is some of the news of the towns which We relate to you; some are still standing, while others have been mown down.”

“We did not wrong them, but they wronged themselves. The gods they invoked besides Allah availed them nothing when your Lord’s command came, and only increased their ruin.”

And He Most High says:

“And when Moses said to his people, ‘O my people, you have wronged yourselves by taking the calf as an object of worship, so repent to your Creator.’”

Concerning the taking of a life, He says:

“My Lord, I have wronged myself, so forgive me.”

Bilqīs said:

“My Lord, I have wronged myself, and I submit with Solomon to Allah, Lord of all worlds.”

Adam, peace be upon him, said:

“Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves. If You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers.”

Yet this expression may also be mentioned alongside particular sins, as in His saying:

“And those who, when they commit an indecency or wrong themselves…”

And His saying:

“Whoever does evil or wrongs himself, then seeks Allah’s forgiveness, will find Allah All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

As for the unqualified term “wrongdoing,” it includes disbelief and all other sins. Allah Most High says:

“Gather those who did wrong, their companions, and whatever they used to worship besides Allah